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GALBANUM.

GAGATES.—JET, BLACK AMBER.

Synonimes :— Ambre noir, Succin noir,Jayet, Fr.

Gall.

A mineral of a pure, deep, shining blackcolour, of a dense, homogenous texture,and of a massive structure, susceptible of apolish, and hard, but easily broken.

GALANGA.

Synonimes : — Galanga, Fb. ; Galgant,Germ. ; Kalkan, Bohem. ; Galange,Dan. ; and Dut. ; Galanga, Ital. ; andSpan. ; Galgarot, Swed.

Amst. ; Ant. ; Batav. ; Bavar. ; Belg. ;Bruns. ; Dan. ; Hisp. ; Gall. ; Ferr. ;Form.H6p.Fr.; Fenn.; Fiild.; Hamb.;Hann. ; Hass. ; Lipp. ; Olden. ; Pol. ;Borus. ; Ross. ; Sax. ; Wirtem. ; Her-bip. ; Ainslie ; Bergius ; Brugna-telli ; Guibourt ; Murray and Gme-hn; Piderit ; Spielmann; Zarda.

The roots of this name are employed.

1, Galanga major. — Great Galanga.

Synonimes :— Khusrudarn, Arab. ; Mahakalua, Cyng. ; Khulinjan, Hind.; Lan-guas, Mal. ; Sugandha, Sans. ; Perearetei, Tam. ; Dumbrastaenim, Tel.

This is a thick, hard, solid, knotty root,reddish-brown externally, but paler inter-nally, from an inch and a half to two inchesbroad, branching, surrounded with circularbands, bent, of a somewhat articulatedappearance, and furnished with fibrils infe-riorly. It has an aromatic odour, and awarm and acrid taste.

It belongs to the Alpinia Galanga,Ví¡i.ío.,a plant originally from China. (MonandriaMonogynia, Linn. ; Scitaminœœ, Joss. ;Fig. Flore Medic. IV. 174.)

2. Galanga minor. — Lesser Galanga.

Synonimes :— Kust tulk, Arab. ; Kuda-kalua, Cyng. ; Pankejur, Duk. ; Lan-quas Kitsjil, Mal. ; Rastma, Sans. ;Siltarittie, Tam. ; Sanna dumprastacum,Tel.

This root much resembles the preceding,but it is considerably smaller, for its sizedoes not exceed that of the little finger.

It has a more penetrating aromatic odour,and a more lively taste. These differencesare referable perhaps to the age of the root,which may be obtained from the same ve-getable as the preceding. It may be possi-ble however, as Ainslie thinks, that thelatter may belong to a different plant, forinstance, to an Amomum, a Costus, or toseveral others that might be enumerated.

3. Galanga spuria. — Spurious Galanga.

Synonimes : — Chundra mula, Humula,Beng. ; Thien lien, Cochin. ; Chundramulika, Sans. ; Katfjula Kelergu, Tam.

This is an analogous root to the prece-ding ones, but of a whitish colour, and ex-haling an odour of ginger.

It belongs to the Kœmpferia Galanga,Linn., a plant of the East Indies. (Mo-nandriaMonogynia, Linn. ; Amomeœ, Juss.;Fig. Hort. Mai. II. tab. 41.)

Galanga is excitant, stomachic, and in-cisive. — Dose, from ten grains to a scruple.

TINCTURE OF GALANGA.

Tinctura Galanga. (Amst. ; Batav. ;Hann.)

R. Root of Galanga, one part.

Alcohol (0.917), six parts.

Macerate for six hours, and filter. (Amst.)Hann. prescribes five ounces of root andtwo pounds of rectified spirit. — Batav. —one part of root, and six of alcohol (15 de-grees) ; to be digested for three days.

GALBANUM, RESINA GALBANL—GALBANUM.

Synonimes — Galbanum, Fr. ; Galban,Galbanum, Mutterharz, Germ. ; Gal-bano, Ital. ; Port. ; and Span. ; Bar-

zud, Arab. ; Birija, Hind. ; Birzud,Pers. ; Galban, Pol.