CALCIUM.
353
This is the operculum of the Strombuslentiginosus, Linn., a shell from the coastof India. (Fig. Martini, Conch. III. 1. 8. t.825.) It was formerly reputed anti-spas-modic.
2. Testœ seu Conches Ostrearum. — OysterShells.
Synonimes: — Coquilles or Ecailles d'Huî-tre, Fr.; Austerschaalen, Guau.; Ooster-scliulp, Dut.; SkorupyOstrzy/owa, Pol. ;Concha de Ostra, Port. ; Ostronskai,Swed.
Lond. ; Belg. ; Brians.; Hisp. ; Gall.;Fenn. ; Ferr. ; Fuld. ; Hann. ; Mass. ;Lipp. ; Olden. ; Lusit. ; Cast.Borus. ;Boros. ; Sax. ; SuEC. ; Heriiip. ; Ains-lie ; Brugnatelli ; Coxe ; Guibourt.
The common oyster, Oslrea edulis, Linn.(Kustura, Arab. ; Mow-le, Chin. ; Cavatie,Cyng. ; Puttirke seipie, Duk. ; Tirim,Mal. ; Muru, Malab. ; Alie, Tam.1 , acon-chiferous molusca (Mesomyones ostracece,Lat. ; Fig.Enc. mith., t. 181. fig. 7 and 8).It has an oval rounded shell marked withimbricated and undulated lamina? increasingin diameter towards the circumference.
The inferior valve is only employed.
3. Testœ Cochlea.— Snail Shells.
Synonimes ;— Coquille de Limaçon, Fr. ;Schneckennüslein, Germ.
Hisp. ; Wirtem. ; Spielmann.
These are reddish, with bands of the samecolour, but deeper.
4. Testa Ovorum. — Egg Shells.
Synonimes :— Coquille d'CEuf, Fr. ; Eyer-schaalen, Germ.
The shell of the hen's egg is prescribedby Ant. ; Bruns. ; Hisr. ; Wirtem. ;Paris ; and Spielmann ; of the ostrich,by Hisp.; Wirtem.; and Spielmann;and of the pea-hen, by Hisp.
5. Corallium album. — White Coral.
Bruns.; Hisp.; Ainslie ; Guibourt;Spielmann.
The stony envelope of the Madreporaoeula-ta, Linn., a brachiostomous polypus (Alveo-lariœ larnelliferai, Lat. ; Fig. Blackw. Herb.t. 342 and 343). It is common in our seas.It is sold in smalls white, stony pieces,sometimes branching, and pierced with nu-merous holes in the form of stars.
6. Corallium rubrum. — Red Coral.
Synonimes :— Corail, Fr.; Coral, Port. ;Besed, Arab. ; Búbalo, Cyng. ; Gullie,Duk. ; Koralen, Dut. ; Munga, Hind. ;
Poalum, Mai..; Merjan, Pers.; Vidrumaprabala, Sans. ; Pavalum, Tam. ; Pag-hadum, Tel.
Amst.; Ant.; Bruns.; Hisp.; Gall.;
Ferr.; Genev. ; Suec. ; Wirtem.;
Hereip. , Ainslie ; Brugnatelli ;
Guibourt ; Spielmann.
The stony and branching envelope of theCorallium ™in/m ( Lmk., a brachiostomouspolypus (Alveolariœ cortuciferœ, Latr.Fig. Esper, Die Pflanzenth. VII.) It ap-pears to exist only in the Mediterraneanand in the Red Sea. That is only employedwhich is of a deep red colour.
It is principally composed of carbonateof lime ; it contains also, according toVogel, magnesia and oxide of iron.
7. Dentalia, Syringites, Dentales.
Synonimes —Dentales, Fr. ; Zahnpur-purschnecken, Germ.
Wirtem. ; Spielmann.
Some species of marine shells, (DentalimnDentalis, Linn.) are thus called. They aretwo or three inches in length, red, or of apale grey colour, marked with twentystrias, obtuse at both ends, and slightlycurved. They probably belong to somechetopodous animal. [Fig. Gualt. Test. tab.41. fig. 6.)
8. Entalia.
Synonimes :— Entales, Fr. ; Zahnschnec-
ken, Germ.Wirtem. ; Spiei.mann.
The productions of this genus are proba-bly the Dental/urn Entalis, Linn. ; which isfound in the Mediterranean; or, more pro-bably of the spines of the sea-hedgehog.
9. Mater Perlarum seu Margaritarum,Nacra Perlarum. — Mother of Pearl.
Synonimes. — Nacre de Perles, Fr. ; Per-lenmutter, Germ. ; Madre de Perlas,Nácar, Span.
Bruns. ; Hisp.; Wirtem.; Brugnatelli;Guibourt; Spielmann.
The internal shell of a considerablenumber of univalve, and particularly ofbivalve shells, principally of the Mytilusmargaritiferus, Linn. By the dispositionof its calcareous molecules, it reflects thelight with a peculiar lustre.
10. Umbilicus marinus, Belliculus marimu,Faba marina. — Navel-stone.
Synonimes : — Ombilic marin, Nombrilmarin, Fr. ; Meerbohnen, Nabelstein,Germ.
Wirtem.; Spielmann.
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