632
FEL.—OX-GALL.
FÉCULA MARANT^.—ARROW-ROOT.
Synonimes.-— Arrowroot, Salep des Indesoccidentales, Fr. ; Kuaka nestrasteh,Duk. ; Tikhur, Hind.; Kua, Kughei,Mal. ; Kuamau, Tam.
Amer. ; Ainslie ; Coxe ; Guibourt.
This fécula is less white, but finer andsofter to the touch than starch ; it is ino-dorous and insipid.
It is obtained, in America, from the tu-bercles of the root of the Maranta arundi-
nacea, Linn., a plant of Jamaica [Monan-dria Monogynia, Linn. ; Amóntete, Juss. ;Fig. Flore Jam. 22, No. 4, t. 149, f. 2.) ;and, in the East Indies, from those of theCurcuma augustifolia, Roxb., a plant ofMalabar (Monandria Monogynia, Linn. ;Scimaiineœ, Juss.)
It is simply nutritive, and is not to beconsidered to possess any advantage, as analiment, over the fécula of potatoes, nor, asa medicament, over starch.
FÉCULA TAPIOKA.—TAPIOCA.
Synonimes :— Pants Cassaviensis. — Tapi-oca, Pain de Cassave, Sagou blanc, Fr. ;
Amer.; Hisp. ; Ferr. ; Coxe; Gui-bourt.
This is an amylaceous, white or greyishsubstance, in angular irregular pieces ofdifferent sizes, transparent or semi-transpa-
rent, and somewhat farinaceous at thesurface.
It is the washed and dried deposit of theexpressed juice of the root of the JatrophaManihot, K., a shrub of warm climates ofAmerica (Monœcia Decandria, Linn. ;Euphorbiacece, Jess. ; Fig. Pluk. Aim.t. 205. fig 1.)
FEL BOVINUM.-OX-GALL.
Synonimes :— Bile de bœuf, Fr. ; Ochsen-galle, Rindsgalle, Germ. ; Oxegalde,Dan. ; Stiere gai, Dut. ; Fiele di bue,Ital. ; Zoic wolovva, Pol. ; Oxgalla,Swed.
Amst. ; Ant. ; AuSTR. ; B atav. ; BivAR. ;Bruns. ; Dan. ; Gall. ; Ferr. ; Fenn. ;Fuld; Hamb. ; Hann. ; Hass. ; Lipp. ;Olden. ; Pol. ; Cast. Borus. ; BoRUS. ;Sax. ; Suec. ; Herbip. ; Wdrceb. ;Brugnatelli; Güibourt; Spielmann.
It is a greenish-yellow liquid, more orless thick and viscous, of a nauseous andpeculiar odour, and of a repulsive, bittertaste.
It contains, according to Tiedemannand Gmelin, an odorous principle, Choles-terine, biliary resin, biliary asparagine, pi-cromel, a colouring matter, four other un-determined animal matters, mucus, bicar-bonate of ammonia, margarate, oléate, ace-tate, cholate, bicarbonate, phosphate, andsulphate of soda, chloruret of sodium, andphosphate of lime. It is bitter, stomachic,and vermifuge. Dose, of fresh bile, half anounce, several times a day. — It may be dis-solved in Madeira wine, or as Reil pre-
scribed it, mixed with cinnamon water, inthe proportion of half an ounce of gall tothree ounces and a half of the water.
inspissated ox-gall.
Fel Tauri inspissatum, Extraction Bilus seuFellis. (Amst.; Austr.; Bavar.; Dan.Hisp. ; Gall. ; Ferr. ; Fuld. ; Hann.Hass. ; Lipp. ; Olden. ; Pol. ; Borus.Sax. ; Herbip. ; Niemann ; Swediaur ; Van Mons)
R. Ox-gall, any quantity.
Dilute it with an equal quantity of water ;boil, skim, and strain it through a thickcloth ; then evaporate it in a water-bath tothe consistence of an extract. (Gall.)
Van Mons directs it to be previouslyclarified with white of egg. — The other phar-macopoeias speak neither of removing thescum, nor of clarifying, but direct the eva-poration to be proceeded with at once.
It is bitter, tonic, digestive, and antacid.— Dose, half a scruple.
It is also employed, dissolved in water,against specks of the cornea and pterygium.