542

SALIX.— WILLOW.

SALIX.— WILLOW.

DUBL.

Five species of this genus of plants arementioned in pharmacopoeias :

1. Salix alba, Linn. — Willow.

Synonimes :— Saule blanc, Saule commun,Fr.; Weide, Germ.; Wrba, Bohem. ;POl, Dan. ; Sauce, Span. ; Wilg, Dut.;Salice, Ital. ; Kora wierzbowa, Pol. ;Salguerro, Port. ; Pil, Swed.

__; Amer. ; Amst. ; Ant. ; Austr. ;

Batav. ; Bavar. ; Belg. ; Bruns. ;Dan.; Gall.; Ferr. ; Fuld. ; Ross. ;Sax. ; Wirtem. ; Herbip. ; Wurceb. ;Brugnatelli ; Coxe ; Murray andGmelin ; Zarda.

A shrub or tree common in all Europe.(Diœcia Diandria, Linn. ; Salicineœ, Juss. ;Fig. Zorn, le. pi. t. 402)

The bark {Cortex Salicis albœ) of thebranches three or four years old is employed.It is thin, flexible, and reddish. It has apeculiar odour, a very astringent, bitter,and balsamic taste.

2. Salix fragilis, Linn.

Synonimes: — Saule fragile, Fr. ; Bruch-weide, Germ.

Dubl. ; Bavar. ; Bruns. ; Dan. ; Ferr. ;Hank. ; Lipp. ; Olden. ; Ross.; Sax.;Coxe.

The shrub is met with in almost everypart of Europe. (Fig. Linn. Fl. Lipp. t. 8.f. 6)

The bark ( Cortex Salicis fragilis) of oneor two years old is employed. It has aslightly balsamic odour and a very bitterand astringent taste.

3. Salix caprœa, Linn.

Synonimes :— Saule marceau, Fr. ; Sool-weide, Sohlweide, Germ.

Lond. ; Edinb. ; Hisp. ; Gall. ; Ferr. ;

Coxe.

A common shrub of Europe. (Fig. Pall.Flor. Ross. t. 81. fig. 2)

The bark (Cortex Salicis Caprœœ) is as-tringent.

4. Salix vitellina, Linn.

Synonimes ; — Saule osier jaune, Fr. ;Dotterweide, Germ.

Dan.; Ross.

A shrub of the temperate climates of Eu-rope. (Fig. Hoifm. Fase. 1. 57. t. 11, 12 f.1—3. t. 24, f. 1)

The bark (Cortex Salicis vitellina;) is as-tringent.

5. Salix pentandra, Linn.

Synonimes : — Saule pentandre, Fr. ;Baumwollenweide, Germ.

Austr. ; Batav. ; Belg. ; Dan. ; Hann. ;Olden. ; Pol. ; Cast. Borus. ; Ross. ;Sax.; Suec. ; Bergius ; Spielmann.

A rather common tree of Europe. (Fig.Œd. Fl. Dan. t. 943)

The bark (Cortex Salicis pentandra! seuLaureai) of the branches of one or twoyears old is employed. It is thin, flexible,and of a brown colour without ; it has abalsamic odour, and an agreeable, balsamic,bitterish, and styptic taste.

These barks contain a peculiar alkaloidcalled Salicine by Fontana who discoveredit. They have been proposed, under the ti-tle of an astringent tonic, as a substitutefor cinchona in intermittent fevers. — Dose,from four drams to one ounce, of the powder.

antiseptic cataplasm. (Fuld.)

R. Bark of Salix Albain powder,

Herb of Rue,

Spirit of Camphor, three ounces.

Vinegar, a sufficient quantity.

Mix.

"'I

of each ,two ounces.

ointment of willow.

Unguenturn Salicis. (Hufeland)

R. Juice of Willow Leaves, two ounces.Lard, a sufficient quantity.

Mix with a gentle heat.

It is applied to sordid, scorbutic, andgangrenous ulcers.

aqueous extract of willow.

Extractum Salicis aquosum. (Amst. ;Ant. ; Austr. ; Batav. ; Bavar. ;Fuld.; Hann.; Olden.; Pol.; Bo-rus; Sax.; Brugnatelli)

R. Willow Bark, one pound.

Cold Water, ten pounds.

Macerate for two days, stirring from timeto time, and strain ; set aside, and decantthe liquor, and evaporate it to the consist-ence of an extract. (Pol.)