RAPHANUS.—RADISH.

481

lt. Ranunculus Flammula, Linn. — LesserSpearwort.

Synonimes: — Petite douve, Fb.; KleinerSumpfhahnenfuss, Germ. ; Liden guulhanefod, Dan.; Kleen egelkolen, Dut. ;jElt grass, Swed.

Gall. ; Guibourt ; Murray and Gmelin.

A common plant of Europe. (Fig- Zorn,Ic.pl. t. 326)

The herb (Herba Flammula') is employed.It consists of a smooth stem, furnishedwith very entire oval, lanceolated, petiolatedleaves. Its taste is extremely acrid andburning.

It is irritant. The Swedish peasants ap-ply it to the inner side of the wrist in inter-inittant fevers.

6. Ranunculus Ficaria, Linn. — Pilewort.

Synonimes : — Petite Chélidoine, Fr. ;

Feigwarzenkraut, Scharbockskraut,

Schmalzsternblume, Germ. ; Speen-kruid, Dut.

Bruns. ; Gall. ; Genev. ; Wirtem. ;Bergius ; Murray and Gmelin ;Spielmann.

A plant which grows in all parts of Eu-rope. {Fig. CEd. Fl. Dan. t. 499)

The root (Radix Ficarim sen Chelidoniiminoris) is employed. It consists of smalloblong, and fleshy tubercles, adherent byfibres. It has an acrid and biting taste.

It is irritant ; vesicant externally, andsometimes internally.

RAPHANUS.-RADISH.

Two plants of this name are used in me-dicine :

1. Raphanus sativns, Linn. — Turnip Radish.

Synonimes :— Raifort cultivé, Radis noir,Fr. ; Rettig, Ratich, Reddick, Germ. ;Reddike, Dan. ; Rábano, Span.; Timmeradys, Dur. ; Rafano, Ital. ; Rabao,Port. ; Raittika, Swed.

Amst. ; Bruns. ; Dan. ; Hisp. ; Gall.;Ferr. ; Palat. ; Wirtem.; Herbip.;Bergius ; Guibourt ; Murray andGmelin; Piderit ; Spielmann.

This plant is cultivated everywhere. It issaid to be originally from China. (Tetradg-namia Silicuosa, Linn.; Crucifera-, Juss. ;Fig. Flore Medic. IV. 292)

The root (Radix Raphani nigri sen hor-tensis) is large, orbicular, black withoutand white within; its substance is firm andsucculent. It has a strong, peculiar odour,and a very acrid taste, which is particularlydistinct in the rind.

There are several varieties of this speciesproduced by culture.

2.Rffpñanusrusticus(CochleariaArmoracia,)Linn. — Broad Horse-radish.

Synonimes :— Raifort sauvage, Cran, Fr.;Meerettig, Meerettigsscharbockheil,

Kreen, Kraen, Germ. ; Kren, Hohem. ;Pebe.rtod, Dan. ; Rábano, Marvisro,Span. ; Meerradvs, Dut. ; Armoraecio,Peperellobobrasso, Ital. ; Chrzan, Pol.;Rabao rusticano, Port. ; Cbren, Ross. ;Pepparrot, Swed.Vol. II.

Lond. ; Dübl. ; Edinb. ; Amer. ; Amst. ;Axt.; Austr.; Bata v.; Bavar.; Belg.;Bruns.; Dan. ; Hisp. ; Gail. ; Ferr. ;Fenn. ; Form. Hûp. Fr.; Fuld. ; Ge-nev.; Hamb. ; Hann. ; Hass. ; Lipp.;Uj.den. ; Lusit. ; Pol. ; Borus. ;Ross. ; Sax.; Suec. ; Wirtem.; Her-ihp. ; Bergius ; Coxe ; Guibourt ;Murray' and Gmelin ; Paris ; Saun-ders ; Spielmann ; Zarda.

A plant common to various parts of Eu-rope. (Telradynamia Siliquosa, Linn. ;Crucifera 1 , Juss. ; Fig. Zorn, Ic.pl. t. 457)

The root (Radix Armoraciœ sen Raphanirusticani seu rustici seu marini) is employed.It is long, cylindrical, thick, yellow with-out, white and fibrous within.

It has a very penetrating odour, and anacrid, pungent, and bitter taste.

It contains starch and a volatile oil, ofwhich sulphur appears to be one of theprincipal constituents.

It is an energetic stimulant, and is stomac-hic, and anti-scorbutic. — Dose, of thejuire,half a drain, in milk or wine.

irritant pediluvium.Pediluvium ex Armoracia. (Augustin)

R. Hot Water, four pounds.

Horse-radish, bruised,

from two to four ounces.Mix. — Schlegel recommends it to re-store suppressed perspiration of the feet.3Q