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QUINA.— QUININE.

SULPHATE OF auiNINE. (FeRR. ; BoRIES ;

Fee ; Henri)

1. Process by Pelletier and Caventou.

R. Alcoholic Extract of Yellow Cin-chona, any quantity.

Treat it, with heat, with water acidulatedwith hydrochloric acid ; hoil the acid liquorwith an excess of subcarbonate of magnesiato perfect discolouration ; then filter, collectthe deposit, wash it with cold water, anddry it ; then digest it at three or four timeswith alcohol (36 degrees), distil the tinc-tures, and combine the residue with sul-phuric acid. (Fee)

2. Process ty Henri

R. Yellow Cinchona, in powder,

two pounds.Water, sixteen pounds.

Sulphuric Acid, two ounces.

Boil for an hour, and strain ; add a freshquantity of water and acid to the residue,and boil, and strain again : repeat this ope-ration a third time. Then mix the liquorstogether, and saturate, without heat, theacid of the mixture with eight ounces ofquick lime in powder. Strain through asilk sieve, set aside, dry the deposit, treatit at thrice with alcohol (36 degrees), andfilter. Distil the mixed tinctures to three-fourths, add to the residue water weaklyacidulated with sulphuric acid, and filter,with heat, adding a certain quantity of ani-mal charcoal, and collect the crystals whichare deposited on cooling. (Ferr. ; Bories;Fee ; Henri)

Bernardet has modified this process inthe following manner. Boil the cinchonain the acidulated water, and repeat the ope-ration with the residue and fresh acidulatedwater for seven successive times. Treat theboiling mixed decoctions with lime recentlyslaked and sifted. When cold, wash thedeposit, dry it in a stove, pulverize it, andtreat it at several times, in a water bath,with alcohol (36 degrees) , which is then tobe entirely re-distilled. Then heat the re-sidue, dissolve it in alcohol, and mix thesolution with water strongly acidulated withsulphuric acid, applying the heat of a water-bath. Finally filter, decolorize with ani-mal charcoal, filter again, and evaporate.

Pelletier and Caventou found that ahundred weight of cinchona produced twopounds one dram and thirty grains of sul-phate of quinine ; according to which pro-portion, one pound yields two drams sixty-six grains and one-sixteenth, and one ounce,thirteen grains and two-sixteenths. But,as the sulphate of quinine is composed ofnine parts and nine-tenths of sulphuric

acid and ninety parts and one tenth of qui-nine, it therefore results, the ordinary doseof cinchona being two drams, that a patienttakes three grains and nine thirty-secondsof sulphate of quinine or three grains and ahalf of quinine, taking into account a smallquantity of cinchonine which may be mixedwith it. Four grains of the salt are there-fore more than the equivalent of the dosewhich is usually prescribed when the cin-chona is used. Consequently, those whohave given thirty-six grains and seventy-twograins of the sulphate, have given what isequal to twenty-seven drams of cinchona inthe first case, and fifty-four in the second.It is difficult to imagine that any one couldorder such enormous doses of cinchona,much more think of repeating them severaltimes in succession.

The sulphate of quinine is given in mois-tened wafer ; the patient should drink a cupof chamomile tea afterwards.

anti-periodic powder. (Pierquin)

R. Sulphate of Quinine, six grains.

Subcarbonate of Magnesia,

thirty-two grains.Mix.

pelletier s dentifrice powder.Henri)

(Fee;

Sulphate of Quinine,Prepared Coral,Carmine Lac,Essence of Myrrh,

four grains.

one ounce.

eight grains.

two drops.

Mix.

FEBRIFUGE POTION. (BoRIES ; ElLIs)

R. Sulphate of Quinine,

Simple Syrup,

Water,acidulated with

Sulphuric Acid,Mix. (Bories)R. Sulphate of Quinine,

ten grains.

one ounce.

three ounces,

half a dram,twelve grains.

* u g ar > I of each, one dram.

Gum Arabic, JCinnamon Water,

two ounces and a half.

Mix. — Dose, a tea spoonful, every hour.(Ellis)

R. Sulphate of Quinine, twelve grains.Aromatic Sulphuric Acid, ten drops.Sugar, one dram.

Cinnamon Water,

two ounces and a half.

Mix. — To be taken as the preceding.(Ellis)