PHARMACOPCEIAL VEGETABLE DRUGS.

This historical record of the plant is made complete by that unex-celled authority, E. M. Holmes, of London, his paper being publishedin füll in the Pharmaceutical Journal and Transactions, London, De-cember 14, 1889, pp. 468-471. The name by which it is now recognizedwas given to the plant by Jacquin (388a) in honor of Dr. Johann An-ton Scopoli, professor of botany in the University of Pavia, who (1760)published his discovery of the plant under the name Atropa caule her-baceo. (See Lloyd Brothers' Drug Treatise No. X for biographicalsketch.) Many are the names since affixed to it, regarding which Mr.Holmes remarks as follows: "Jacquin's name has unfortunately beenseveral times altered by succeeding botanists."

The historical treatise of Holmes was briefly Condensed as followsby Professor Maisch:

"The Natural History of Scopola carniolica (Jacquin)" gives a completehistory of the synonymy of this plant, commencing with Matthioli, who in 1563named it Solanum somniferum alterum. It was further described in 1622 byCaspar Bauhin under the name of Solanum somniferum bacciferum; in 1651 byJ. Bauhin as Solanum manicum, "quod secundo loco proponuimus;" in 1760 byJ. A. Scopoli, Professor of Botany at Pavia, as Atropa caule herbaceo foliisovatis, integris, fructu capsulari; in 1764 by Jacquin as Scopola carniolica;in 1767 by Linnaeus as Hyoscyamus Scopolia; in 1794 by Moench as Scopolatrichotoma; in the same year by Schultes as Scopolina atropoides; in 1821 byLink as Scopolia atropoides; and in 1837 by G. Don as Scopolia carniolica.

The generic name Scopolia had been applied in 1763 by Adanson for whatis now Ricotia, hin., Cruciferce; in 1776 by Forster for what is now Griselinia,Forst., Cornacece; in 1781 by Linnaeus fil., for what is now Daphne, hin., Thy-melacece; in 1790 by Smith for what is now Toddalia, Juss., Rutacetz.

Jacquin's name for the plant being the first binomial one published afterthe date of the first edition of Linnaeus' Species Plantarum in 1753, shouldsupersede the later names given by others. This author repeatedly writes"Scopola" (not Scopolia) in his published work.

This plant, possessing so much energy, was naturally known to theearly herbalists, but was most cautiously employed by them. Wier(1515-1588) mentioned it (Maisch), but it was then forgotten untilDr. Lippich, of Padua (1834-7), used it instead of belladonna. Therecord shows that (410a) in Southern Europe (Martius, 1832) theleaves were used in the same way as belladonna. Kosteletzky (1832)states (361a) that it has the narcotic qualities of hyoscyamus. Neitherin domestic nor in professional medicine had scopolia any reputationworth mentioning until after 1880, when its alkaloidal record and itsmany complications as a sophisticant for belladonna made such an eventin pharmacy and chemistry as to give the plant a position in the U. S.Pharmacopeia of 1900.

SCUTELLARIA

Scutellaria lateriflora (skullcap) was in use as a domestic remedybefore the publication of the first American materia medica, as shownby Schöpf (582), 1785. It was afterward conspicuous in the practiceof a local physician, Dr. Lawrence Van Derveer, of New Jersey, whodiscovered the qualities that he believed it carried. At least he madeno mention of any previous therapeutic record (388d). Dr. Van Der-

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