192 THE HISTORY OF THE ORDER OF [book i,

Antioch, and had taken Jerusalem; and Hawk-woodshowed later that his dismounted cuirassiers werean impenetrable phalanx . 1 No reason then but wemay think turcopili to be both cavalry andinfantry, light and heavy, so mercenaries and notknights . 2 In truth if servants-at-arms and milites

o

mean heavy, and milizia a cavallo light cavalry, andmilizia soldata infantry; then must turcopili meansomething else—why not both? 3 As ancient as theorder were the servants-at-arms. Whoever knowsanything of these times, knows that a knight couldnot do without them. They were the squires whorode by their master always. Each knight of theHospitallers had two , and the grand master three.They formed an intrinsic part of the order; squiresexpected to become knights; but these rarely ornever left their class. Nor were they like lay-brothers, who share not at all in the principal scopeof a monastic fraternity, nor vote. But theservants-at-arms were not like menial servants, forthe knights had menial servants too; but ratherlike under officers; for they principally served inthe first scope of the order—its military duties—and in battle they were dressed precisely like theknights. On all occasions these admitted them to

1 Sismondi : Hist, des Rep. Ital.

2 P. A. Paoli: 348. 2 P. A. Paoli : 345.