1206

ZACCIIAEUS

YSTYFFAN

named Jucundus and Pelagia. At an early agehe became ail attendant, and at last chancellorat the court of Theodebcrt king of Austrasia. Hethere attracted the attention of Nicetius, bishopot Treves, and by him he was trained and raisedto the priesthood (Greg. Tur. Hist. Franc, x. 29 ;Vit. S. Arid. cc. 1-5). He was Gregory’s chiefinformant as to the facts in his memoir desancto Nlcetio Treverorum episcopo (Greg. Tur.

I itae Patrum , c. 17), and was an adviser of Gun-tramnus king of Burgundy (Greg. Tur. Hid.Franc, viii. 27). On hearing of his father'sdeath he returned to Limoges to console hismother Pelagia, who devoted herself to a con-ventual life (Greg. Tur. Hist. Franc, x. 29, andLib. dc Glur. Conf. c. 104), while Yrieix, forthe time, retired into solitude. He then re-turned, built the monastery of Atan, and gavehimself up entirely to prayer, study, andactive beneficence. His time was occupied fortne most part in copying out books, wnich hedistributed among the neighbouring churchesand monasteiies, and in giving alms to thepoor: according to the Vit. S. Arid, he alsoaided them by numerous miracles. He showeda special devotion to St. Martin and his shrine,which he often visited (Greg. Tur. Hist. Franc.viii. 15; He Mir. S. Mart. ii. c. 39, iii. c. 24;Vit. S. Arid. c. 19 sq.), and he bequeathed to themonastery at Tours the possession of all hisgoods, monasteries, lands, &c. (The TestamentwnS. Aredii Abb. Attanensis , published first byMabillon, Anal. 208, and now by Migne,Pert. Lot.lxxi. 1143 sq., is of singular interest: it is saidto have been written in the eleventh year ofSigebert king of Austrasia, i.e. a.d. 572, by St.Yrieix for himself and his mother, and entersmost minutely into the different forms ofproperty belonging to the trust). St. Yrieixdied A.D. 591, upwards cf eighty years of age( Vit. S. Arid. c. 33), and was buried in thechurch of St. Hilary by his own arrangement( 76 . c. 34) : he seems to have outlived Fortu-natus, who wrote an ode upon him (Ven. Fortu-natus, Misc. v. c. 22 in Migne, Fat. Lat. lxxxviii.202. Duchesne, Hist. Franc. Scrip, i. 486). Hisfeast is Aug. 25, and he has given his name toSt. Yrieix in the province of Vienne Haute.(Tne primary authority is Gregorius Turonensis,Hist. Franc, x. c. 29, based on this is Vita S.Aridii, attributed to St. Gregory, and given byMabillon, A. SS.O. S. B. i. 349 sq., by Boll. A. SS,Aug. v. 178 sq., and by Migne, Fat. Lat. lxxi.1119 sq. The Boll. ib. 182 sq. give alsoanother Life from Mabillon, Anal. iv. 194 sq.,based on the same material. See Hist . Litt. dela France , iii. 364-5 ; Ceillier, Aut. Sacr. xi.324-5; Baronius, Ann. a.d. 595, cc. 85-9.).

[J. G.]

YSTYFFAN, a Welsh saint ■ of the sixthcentury, son of Mawan, descended from CadellDeyrnllug, and founder of Llanstvffan in Carmarthenshire and Llanstyffan in Radnorshire. Hewas bardic friend of St. Teilo, and supposed to bethe author of some stanzas, entitled EnglynionGain Cynnwyre (Achau y Saint , ap. Myv. Arch.ii. 24, 56; Williams, Iolo MSS. 652; Rees,Welsh SS. 161, 251). He is probably Ystyffaa,bishop of Margam, as represented in lolo Mor-ganwg’s list. {Lib. Land, by Rees, 625.) [J. G.]

YVORES, Irish saint. [Iijiiar.]

Z

ZABARDAS, duke of Sardinia. In A.D.594, Gregory the Great wrote to him praisinghim for making it a condition of peace with theBarbaricines that they should become Christians,and asking him to help the missionaries he wassending there. {Epp. iv. 24.) [F. D,]

ZABDAS (Zamdas, Zebedaeus, Eutych-Bazasi, the thirty-seventh bishop of Jerusalem.According to Clinton {Fast. Horn. i. 343) he suc-ceeded Hymenaeus in the 14th year of Diocle-tian, A.D. 298, and after having sat 2 years wasfollowed by Herinon, a.d. 330. Later hagiolo-gists in defiance of chronology and historicallikelihood ascribe to Zabdas the conversion of St.Maurice and the Theban legion. He is comme-morated as Zamdas in the Roman Martyrologv,Feb.19 (Euseb. H. E. vii. 32; Chron. Euseb.\ Chron.Hieron .; Clinton, Fasti Bomoni , i. 343). [E. V.]

ZACCHAEUS (1) (otherwise Zacharias),the fourth bishop of Jerusalem. The commence-ment of his episcopate is placed in the 14thyear of Trajan, a.d. 112 (Euseb. II. E. iv. 5.Epiphan. Haer. lxvi. 20. Chron. Armen. Euseb.)Eutychius (351) assigns seven years to his epi-scopate. [E. V.]

ZACCHAEUS (2), bishop of Caesarea, isnamed by the anonymous author of Fraedesti -natus (lib. i. cc. 11,13; Migne, Patrol, liii. 591)as having passed an official condemnation on theValentinians, and the Ftolemeites (a Valentiniansect). No such bishop of Caesarea however isnamed by Eusebius or any early writer. Thelegend that makes the publican of Jericho (Lukexix. 2-10) a bishop, found in the Clementines( Horn . ii. 1; Becog. iii. 65) seems to point to thesame person, but is too late to be trustworthy.(Le Quien, Or. Christ, iii. 538.) [E. V.]

ZACCHAEUS (3), martyr in Palestine, onJune 7, with Alphaeus in the persecution ofDiocletian (Euseb. Mart. Pal. c. 1). In theMcnologium Graecorum , Nov. 18, he is called adeacon of Gadara. The acts of these martyrsare printed by Assemani (279. n. 4). See alsoRuinart, Acta Sine. [C. H.]

ZACCHAEUS (4), purveyor of the mon-astery of Tabenna, in 347, when Pachomius died,and mentioned in the life of Theodore the suc-cessor of Pachomius (Boll. Acta SS. 14 Mai. 305 ;Vit. Fatrum , lib. i. c. 29). [C. H.]

ZACCHAEUS (5). A treatise styledConsultationum Zacchaei Christiani et ApolloniiPhilosopki Libri Tres is attributed to a monknamed Evagrius (14), who lived in the firsttwenty years of the 5th century. He wasdevoted to controversy, as he was also the authorof the Altercatio Simonis Judaei et TheophihChristiani , lately republished by Harnack in hisTexte u. Untcrsuchungen , Bd. i. Hft. 3, Leipzig,