turnoaldus

TYRANNION

SamRre in the province of Liege. (Butlev lives

ss. July 17-) C J - G -]

TURNOALDUS, bishop of Paris, present ata placitum under Clovis III. A.D. 693 (Diplomatavi cc 19? 23). He subscribed a privilejium tothe monastery of St. Mary in Paris, A.D. 696,and a charter to a nunnery at Limoux a.d. 697.He is said to have abdicate.d in A.D. 698, andprobably died before A.D. 716 (Gall. Christ, vii.<!8). [ J *

TURPIN, archbishop of Rheims. [Tilpin.]

TURPIO, relieved of a debt when near deathat the intercession of Sidonius (Sidon. Ep . 24).

[R. J. K.]

TURRIANUS, a pagan who was praetorianprefect in the 5th century. He violated thesanctuary of St. Piato’s church at Ancyra byarresting some people who had taken refugethere. S. lulus, the monk of Sinai, wrote aletter denouncing God’s judgments against himfor this action. (Nili Epist. 178.) [G. T. S.]

TURRIBIUS, bishop of Asturica (Astorga).In a letter to Leo the Great he enumerated thePriscillianist errors under sixteen heads. Leoin his 'reply (St. Leo, tom. i. Ep. xv.) commentsseriatim upon these, for the most part acceptingTurribius’s report, in order to their confutation.

[M. B. C.]

TUTTA, abbess. [Tetta.]

TWENTY MARTYRS, THE, commemo-rated at Hippo Regius. In their church hereand on their day, Augustine preached hisScrmo 148. In another discourse on their day(Serm. 325, where see the Benedictine note),Augustine names three of them, the only onesknown, Fidentius (2), Valeriana, Victoria. Foran invocation to them related by Augustine, seeFlorentius (48), They are thought by some,including Baronhis (A. E. ann. 304, xiv.) to bethe twenty martyrs who suffered at Tarsus(Mart. Rom, June 6), but others are of adifferent opinion (Tillem. v. 173). [C. H.]

TYDECHO (Tedeciio), Welsh saint ear]hi the 6th century. He accompanied his cousiSt. Cadfan from Armorica to Wales, and withis sister Tegfedd took up his abode iAlowddwy, Merionethshire, where he foundethe church of Llanymowddwy. His special aciare un hnown, but he is said to have been mucoppressed by Maelgwn Gwynedd prince (' ir th Wales, who, however, by force of miraclewas compelled to submit and make amends•»r the violent abduction of his sister Tegfediinon a chief, purchased peace by the gift <

.nTk^’ 10 . t0 . the saiut ’ His foast is I)ec - !’, ls . “^'cations are Llanymowddwy, Merksure, Mallwyd, Garthbeibio and Gemmaelontgomeryshire, and Capel Tydecho in Liar<5i an,C0 - An S lese S r - (JA/r.Arc/i.ii.24, 31, 54-Ea P- R ees, Camb. Br. SS. 2-66, 594St i C l ‘ SS" 218 et al.) A metrical life ithe Was written about' the year 1450 l

WWA 50L) UWyd ^ Llywel >' n - ^ W “ 1!a G m .

«arivTn°?w v ( TyV0DWG ). Welsh sairChrist 6 (x ' ntni y, is of unascertainrCHRIST. lilOQB—VOL. IV.

1057

^descent, founder of Llandyfodwg, and one of thethree founders of Llantrisaint, with its chapel'Ystrad Tyfodwg or Dyvodwg, Glamorganshire(Rees, Welsh SS. 180, 223). He is probably theTyfodwg mentioned as sixth in the late loloMoiganwg’s list of the bishops of Jlargam.(Rees, Camb. Br. SS. 625.) [J. G.]

TYFRYDOCx (Tevredaucus, Tyurydavc,Tyvredauc, Tyvrydog), Welsh saint in thesecond half of the 6th century; founder ofLlandyfrydog in Anglesey. His feast is Jan. 1.< Myv. Arch. ii. 25, 55; Rees, Weis/t SS. 276.)

[J. G.]

TYPE, THE (d TU7TOS or b T VITOS TT€pl7rhrrea>s). This was an imperial decree issued toimpose silence on the combatants in the Monothe-lite controversy. The Ecthesis was issued by theemperor Heraclius in the year 638. [Ecthesis.]That document had favoured the Monothelites,and continued in force till the year 648, whenit was superseded by the Type. Pope Theodorecondemned the Monothelite opinions of Paul,bishop of Constantinople, as professed in a letteraddressed to him. Paul retorted by arrestingand imprisoning the papal legates at theimperial court, and by persuading the emperor,Constantine IV. to issue the Type. Theodoredied soon after, and was succeeded by his deaconMartin, who had been the papal representativeat Constantinople. Martin, aided by St. Maximus,vigorously condemned the Type. It ditfenilfrom the Ecthesis in one important respect.The Ecthesis expressed Monothelite sentiments.The Type expressed no sentiments at all, butimposed silence equally upon all, yet it wa3almost as objectionable to Martin and Maximus asthe Ecthesis, because, as they said, it placed truthand falsehood on the same level. They repudiatedit, therefore, and condemned it. The text ofthe Type will be found in the acts of theLatcranSynod of a.d. 649, Mansi, x. 1030. It lays downthat there had been great discord upon thequestion, whether Christ had one or two wills.It then forbids all further discussion on suchtopics. All parties must remain satisfied withthe statements of the Scriptures, the decreesof the five general councils adding nothing anddiminishing nothing. It concludes with aformal repeal of the Ecthesis ; and with settingforth the penalties for disobedience, whichwere, degradation for a cleric, confiscation ofgoods for a layman of rank, and flogging withexile for those of meaner station. The arrestand imprisonment of Maximus soon followedthe Lateran council; His acts, as given inthe edition of His works by Combefis, are fullinformation about the Type. They prove thatthe emperor was claiming the right as supremepriest, as well as sovereign, to decree doctrinesas well as ceremonies; cf. specially capp. iv.and v. The Type held its ground for severalvears, but of course fell, together with theMonothelite party, at the sixth general council.Mansi’s Councils , t. x. col. 701, 778, 880, 908,1029 ; Hefele’s Councils, sec. 306. [G. T. S.]

TYR AHNION, bishop of Tyre, a martyr underDiocletian, commemorated in the Roman Martyr-ology, on Feb. 28. He suffered at Antioch, atthe same time with Zenobias, a presbyter otSidon, and ultimately was taken to the sea anddrowned (Euseb. If. E. \iii. 13). [E. V.]