RUSTICUS

BUSTICUS

565

RUSTICUS (6), bishop, to whom, withLeontius [Leontius (22)], Arnobius Junior dedi-cated his Commentary on the Psalms (Migne,Pair. Lat. t. liii. 527). Some think he is thebishop of Narbonne (no. 5), but it is whollyuncertain (Ceillier, Aut. Sacr. x. 330). [J. G.]

RUSTICUS (7), of Bordeaux, an intimatefriend ofSidonius. In the only letter (Ep. 11)which remains of their intercourse, Sidoniuscomplains of the distance which separatesthem from each other, and addresses his friendby the title of “ dominus illustris.” ThisKusticus (or, possibly another of the same name)had asked of Eucherius bishop of Lyons (Pat.Lat. Iviii. 24), his two books on the Scripture,that he might transcribe them. In thankingEucherius for granting his request, he passes abeautiful eulogy upon the two books. (Hist.Lit. France , pp. 428, 429; Cave, Hist. Lit. i.p. 444; Ceillier, x. 385). [R. J. K.]

RUSTICUS (8), Aug. 17, a sub-deacon ofCarthage, and martyr under Hunneric withLiberatus. [Liberates (3).] [Rogatus (5).]

[G. T. S.]

RUSTICUS (9) (popularly Rustics, orRustique), ST., 22nd archbishop of Lyons,between St. Lupicinus and St. Stephanus (circ.A.D. 493-8). His pre-episcopal life is unknown,but the authors of the Histoire Littdraire (ii.676) believe he was the son of Aquilinus, thefriend of Sidonius Apollinaris (see Sid. Apoll.Epist. v. 9, Migne, Pair. Lat. Iviii. 540). Ifthis is correct, he was a member of a distin-guished family which had for several genera-tions been intimately connected with the poet’sancestors. Shortly after his consecration hesent pecuniary aid to Gelasius with a letter ofsympathy. The pope’s reply, written Feb. 22,494, in which he recommended to his kindoffices Epiphanius, the bishop of Pavia, then onhis way to Gaul to redeem Italian captives heldby Gundobald, is extant (Epist. xv. Pair. Lat.lix. 138, cf. Ceillier, x. 505). From Ennodius’life of St. Epiphanius we find that the pope’sinjunction was not neglected (Migne, Pair. Lat.lxiii, 230). The same work characterisesRusticus as one who “sub praetexta fori guber-natorem gessit ecclesiae ” (ibid.'). He probablydied before 499, and is said to have been buriedin the church afterwards named from St.Nicetius (Gall. Christ, iv. 28). His day isApril 25 (Boll. Acta SS. Apr. iii. 368).

[S. A. B.]

RUSTICUS ELPIDIUS. [Elpidius (32).]

RUSTICUS (10), nephew of pope Vigilius,' v ’ a ® a PP°lnted by him one of the seven deaconsot Rome. Almost our only source of informa-lon about him is the pope’s letter excommuni-cating him and his fellow-deacon Sebastianus.According to it Rusticus had originally been astrong opponent of the Three Chapters, and hadnot only warmly approved of the Judicatum ofigilius, published at Easter A.D. 548, at Con-■ antinople, but had caused copies of it to beransmitted to various parts of the empire with-?? P°P e * s knowledge or consent. Sebas-lanus, on the other hand, had been temporarilyppointed a deacon of Rome by Vigilius, and

had promised to resign on the return of twoabsent deacons. Sent afterwards to Dalmatia,he is severely blamed by the pope for neglect ofhis duties and for communicating with Honoriusof Salome. [Honorius (9).] On his arrival atConstantinople he, like Rusticus, warmly ap-proved of the Judicatum, and condemned theThree Chapters. On Christmas-day A.D. 549(Jaffe, Peg. 80) Vigilius summoned him, and,taxing him with his proceedings in Dalmatia,threatened him with a trial on his return toRome. This, according to Vigilius, was thecause of the hostility of Sebastianus towardshim, who won over Rusticus, and they both com-municated with abbat Felix [194] and otheropponents of the Judicatum and defenders of theThree Chapters. Rusticus and Sebastianus hadalso ventured to preach without the permissionof Vigilius, had sent letters to all the provincesfalsely charging the pope with holding opinionscontrary to the council of Chalcedon; and, tocrown all, had asserted in a document presentedto Justinian that Leo the Great had approved ofthe writings of Theodore of Mopsuestia. Vigilius,therefore, early in A.D. 550, degraded them fromthe diaconate, and declared them incapable ofrestoration unless they repented in his lifetime.(Vigilius, Epist. in Migne, Patr. Lat. lxix. 43,Mansi, ix. 352.) Of Sebastianus nothing moreis known; after the council of Constantinople,Rusticus, with Felix and others, were banishedto the Thebaid. (Victor Tun. Chron. in Patr.Lat. lxviii. 960.) Two works of Rusticus areextant. The first is a dialogue against the Ace-phali, or extreme Monophysite party. The lastedition, that of Galland, is reprinted in Patr. Lat.lxvii. 1167. The second consists of scholia onand collections of various readings of the acts ofthe council of Chalcedon composed in A.D. 549.The most complete edition of them is that ofCard. Pitra. (Spic. Sol. iv. 192.) [F. D.]

RUSTICUS (11), deacon of Ancona, one ofthree candidates recommended to Gregory theGreat (Epp. xiv. 11) during a vacancy of thatsee, the others being Florentines (17 and 18).Gregory was informed that, though Rusticuswas vigilant, he had not learned the Psaltersufficiently, and he directs bishop Joannes, towhom he is writing, to inquire into the allegeddisqualification of Rusticus, and also into theobjections to the other candidates. [F. D.]

RUSTICUS (12), 11th bishop of Cahors,between Eusebius and Desiderius, was arch-deacon at Rodez, and Palatine abbat toClotaire II., before his succession to the episco-pate. For his family see the anonymous Vitaof St. Desiderius (cap. i., Patr. Lat. lxxxvii.219), who was his brother. After an episcopateof seven years he was murdered in 629, bytreacherous incolae of his church at Cahors,apparently in revenge for cruel punishmentsmeted out by Clotaire after a great disturbancein the church and palace (ibid. cap. v. col. 223).The letter in which his mother, Harehenefreda,announced the event to his brother and successor,Desiderius, is extant (ibid. cap. vi. col. 225).The latter afterwards built a church on the spotwhere the murder was committed (ibid. eap. ix.col. 228). [S. A. B.]

RUSTICUS (13), ST., 13th abbat of the mo-nastery of Condat, or, as it was afterwards called,