CYRILLUS

CYRUS

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col. 706, c. xxviii. ib. 725); and the letter ofremonstiance, conjointly with Zenobius, bishop ofZephyrius, to Alexander of Hierapolis and hissuffragans, for not openly acknowledging theirclaims (c. cxxx. ib. 833). We have also a letterof Theodoret’s to him, urging him to labour forthe peace of the church (c. clxi. tb. 859). Hetook part in the synod of Tarsus (a.d. 434),and gave his signature to the terms of reconci-liation between the churches of Alexandria andAntioch (Baluz, col. 941). [E. V.]

OYRILLUS (10), bishop of Coela in Thrace,in the 5th century. In conjunction with Eupre-pius, bishop of Byza, he represented to the 7thsession of the council of Ephesus (July 31,A.D. 431) that in the provinces of Europe therewas an ancient custom that each bishop shouldhold two or three sees; Cyrillus being, for in-stance, bishop of Callipolis as well as Coela.Fritilas bishop of Heraclea, who had attachedhimself to Nestorius, would, they feared, sendbishops to these towns which belonged inse-parably to other sees. The council authorisedthe existing custom; but afterwards specialbishops were given to Callipolis and othertowns. (Labbe, Concil, iii. 805, 810; Ceillier,viii. 591.) [W.M.S.]

(11) ST., fourteenth bishop of Treves, suc-ceeded St. Severus, and was followed by Jam-blichus. He rebuilt the cell of St. Eucheriusnear Treves, which lay burnt and deserted; buton a different site (if we correctly understandthe statements under various hands), and therestored structure was dedicated by pope Euge-nius III. to St. Matthias the apostle. Therehe placed the bodies of the first three bishops ofTreves, SS. Eucherius, Valerius, and Maternus.Some ancient Latin verses on their monumentsare recorded, beginning—

“ Quam bene Concordes divina potentia jungit.”Cyrillus died about a.d. 458, and his remainswere deposited near those of his predecessors justmentioned. He was commemorated on May 19.An old writer of Prague states that a considerableportion (pars insignis) of the bishop’s relics wereremoved to that city by the emperor Charles IV.A.D. 1372. (Gall. Christ, xiii. 378; Holland. ActaSS. Feb. iii. 431,453; May, iv. 331.) [C. H.]

(12) Bishop of Gaza, one of the prelates who

signed the synodical letter of John of Jerusalemto John of Constantinople, condemnatory ofSeverus of Antioch and his followers, a.d. 518.(Labbe, Concil. tom. v. col. 191.) [E. V.]

(13) Of Scythopolis (Bethshan), so called fromhis birthplace, a hagiologist, flourished c. 555.His father, John, was famous for his religiouslife. Cyril commenced an ascetic career atthe age of 16. On leaving his monastery tovisit Jerusalem and the other holy places, hismother charged him to put himself under theinstruction of John the Silentiary, by whom liewas commended to the care of Leontius theabbat of the monastery of St. Euthymius, whoadmitted him as a monk in 542. Thence Cyrilpassed to the Laura of St. Saba, where he com-menced his sacred biographies with the lives ofSt. Euthymius and St. Saba, deriving his infor-mation from the elder monks who had seen andknown those holy men. He also wrote the lifeof St. John the Silentiary and other biographies,

affording a valuable picture of the inner lifeof the Eastern church in the sixth century. Theyhave been unfortunately largely interpolatedby Metaphrastes. The following biographies areattributed to Cyril byFabricius. (Bibl.Graec. lib. v.c. 41, x. 155); (1) S. Joannes Silentiarius ( ap .Surium, May 13); (2) S. Euthymius (Cotelerius,Eccl. Grace. Monum. ii. 200); (3) S. Sabas,(ib. iii. 220); (4) Theodosius the Archimandrite(only found in Latin, of doubtful authenticity);(5) Cyriacus the Anchoret ; (6) S. Theogniusthe Ascetic , bishop of Cyprus. (Fabric. Bibl. Graec.u.s.; Cave, Hist. Lit. p. i. 529.) [E. V.]

CYRINUS (1) bishop of Chalcedon, an Egyptianby birth, and a relative of Theophilus, patriarchof Alexandria, one of the most bitter and uncom-promising of the enemies of Chrysostom. Wefirst meet with him in 401, associating withChrysostom on friendly terms, and accompanyinghim together with the bishops Paul of Heraclea,and Palladius of Hellenopolis, in his visitation ofEphesus and the Asiatic churches (Pallad. p. 134).From some unexplained reason this visitationconverted Cyrinus from a friend into a mostvirulent enemy, and when in 403 Theophilus andhis partisans arrived at Constantinople they metto arrange their plan of proceedings at his see ofChalcedon. No one displayed more violence thanCyrinus. He accused Chrysostom of pride,tyranny, and heresy, and Theophilus reckonedupon him as a most valuable ally. But a clumsyMesopotamian bishop, Maruthas, accidentallytrod on his foot and caused a wound, whichinflamed and gangrened and eventually producedhis death, after three years of intense suffering.Though Cyrinus was prevented by this accidentfrom taking a personal share in the opening pro-ceedings against Chrysostom, he managed to bepresent at the synod of the Oak, where he sus-tained the part of accuser, witness and judge(Photius, c. 59). His enmity never relaxed, andafter Chrysostom’s recall in 404, he took a pro-minent part in all the plots for his destruction,and was one of the four bishops who took hiscondemnation on their own heads, and demandedhis banishment of Arcadius, as the only meansof restoring public peace. (Pallad. p. 35 ; Soz.viii. 22.) He joined in the letter conveyed byPatemus to pope Innocent (Pallad. 10). Hismiserable death towards the end of 405, aftertwice resorting to amputation and enduringextreme torture, was regarded by the friends ofChrysostom as a mark of the vengeance of heaven(Socr. vi. 15, 19; Soz. viii. 16). [E. V.]

(2), otherwise Aribo, a German monk of theorder of St. Benedict, who became abbat of St.Dionysius at Schlechdorf, and subsequently, in760, the fourth bishop of Freising in Bavaria.He died in 783. Cyrinus wrote the life of St.Corbinianus, the first bishop of Freising. (Cave,Hist. Lit. i. 631.) [E. V.]

CYRION, bishop of Doliche, one of the sub-scribers to the Semiarian council of Seleucia.(Epiphan. Haer. 73, p. 874.) [G. S.]

CYRUS (1) of Beroea, succeeded Eustathius asbishop of that city, on his translation to the seeof Antioch in 325. He was persecuted on accountof his orthodoxy by the Arian party, and deposedby Constantius. (Athanas. Ep. ad Solit. p. 812;Apolog. pro Greg . p. 702.) The Arian George of