758

CYRIACUS

CYRIACUS

into chains. After a few days, Cyriacus andEulysius were separated from Chrysostom andbrought back and imprisoned at Chalcedon(Pallad. p. 38; So?, viii. 22). While they werein prison Chrysostom wrote them a consolatoryand encouraging letter (Chrysost. Epist. 14-7).Being acquitted of the charge Cyriacus was sentback to Constantinople (Pallad. u. $.), but wasdriven from the city by the law enforcingcommunion with Arsacius, Theophilus, andPorphyry. He fled to Rome, where he arrivedtowards the beginning of 405. He laid thestatement of his own and Chrysostoms troublesbefore Innocent, his oral account being confirmedby the letters brought a few days afterwards byEulysius (Pallad. p. 11). He accompanied theunfortunate western deputation to Constantinoplein 406, and shared in the ill-treatment to whichthey were subjected (Chrys. Epist. 156, Pallad. p.13). He and his eastern colleagues were seizedand put on board a vessel, and it was reportedthat they had been drowned. But they werepurposely reserved by their enemies for insultand ill-usage. They were conveyed to places ofexile in the most remote and desolate parts ofthe empire. Cyriacus was imprisoned in thePersian fortress of Palmyra, eighty miles beyondEmesa. ft (Pallad. p. 77.) Among the letters ofChrysostom there is a long consolatory epistleaddressed to Cyriacus from Cucusus in 404(Chrys. Epist. 125), the genuineness of whichhas been called in question by Hales (ed. Savil.p. 856), but satisfactorily established by Mont-faucon in a monitio prefixed to the epistle.

[E. V.]

CYRIACUS (9), presbyter of Antioch, ad-dressed along with Castus and Valerius andDiophantes by Chrysostom (Ep. 22, 62, 66, 107,130, 222), and alone by his exiled fellow-pres-byter Constantius in a letter mis-ascribed toChrysostom ( Ep . 241). [E. B. B.]

(10) a deacon, who together with Paul accom-panied the deputation of bishops who conveyedto Rome Chrysostom’s letter to Innocent, in404 (Pallad. p. 11). He was unable to joinhis namesake, bishop Cyriacus and his com-panions in Rome in 405, his health not per-mitting him to take a long voyage (Ep. 148).

[E. V.]

(11) A bishop, apparently resident at Con-stantinople, a friend and correspondent of Chry-sostom. From a letter to Olympias, writtenat Caesarea on his way to Cucusus in 404, it isevident that Cyriacus had sufficient influence atcourt to intercede in Chrysostom’s behalf and torender it probable that he could procure achange in his place of exile (Ep. ad Olymp. 12).There are two letters of Chrysostom to Cyria-cus, one indignantly reproaching him for nothaving written in reply to his many letters(Ep. 202); the other commending to his goodoffices the son of Sopater, the prefect of Armenia,who was residing at Constantinople for the

* Le Quien and others suppose that Cyriacus who wasbanished to Palmyra was a different person from thebishop of Synnada, and give him Emesa as his see. Themistake has been caused by an error of the scribe whowrote (Pallad. p. 7V) Kvpiatcov to v ’E/Uetn?? evSoT<lpa>oySorjKOVTa <nj/xetwv els IlaAjAvpav, instead of Kvp.’Eficcnis epSoTcpw k. t. A. “ 80 miles further up the countrythan Emesa" (.see Tillemont, xi. 608, note 88).

purposes of study (Ep. 64). Chrysostom recom-mended Constantius to apply to Cyriacus for aidin carrying his plans into effect (Ep. 221).

[E. V.]

CYRIACUS (12), Quiragos or Shabag, bishopof Daik in Persarmenia, in the time of ChosroesIII., a.d. 390-411 (Faustus Byzantinus, vi. 11 inLanglois, Coll. Hist. Arm. i. 309). [E. B. B.]

(13) Sub-deacon of the church of Macedonia,

a.d. 414. Pope Innocent I., writing to thebishops of Macedonia, complains that they havetaken no do. ice of the good testimony whichthe Roman church had borne to Cyriacus andDizonian; begging them to receive them withsincere good-will, and to put a stop to the quar-rels in which their enemies involved them. (Ep.Innocent, i. num. 17; Patrol. Lat. xx. 537;Ceillier, vii. 516.) [W. M. S.]

(14) Bishop in Thessaly in the time of pope

Boniface I. In a letter to Rufus, bishop ofThessalonica, Boniface tells him that he hasseparated from his communion Cyriacus amongother Thessalian bishops, unless they obtainedpardon through Rufus. They had obtained alaw from the emperor Theodosius II., whichplaced them beyond the special jurisdiction ofRome and Thessalonica. (Letters of Boniface I.num. 13, Patrol. Lat. xx. p. 776 ; Ceillier, viii.10.) [ W. M. S.]

(15) Bishop of Lodi (a.d. 451-452). Bearer

of the synodal letter of the Council of Milan ina.d. 451 to pope Leo the Great. (Leo Mag. Ep.97, Patrol. Lat. liv. § 1081, 1083; Ceillier, x.681.) [W. M.S.]

(16) One of the two deacons appointed to

summon the bishops to the sessions of the Coun-cil of Chalcedon. (Tom. iv. Cvncil. p. 381;Ceillier, x. 684.) [W. M. S.]

(17) Bishop of Tyana. He supported thedemand of Julian and Severus for the con-demnation of the Council of Chalcedon, and theTome of Leo, but in 518 turned completely roundand signed the “relatio ” to John the patriarchof Constantinople, drawn up at the synod whichmet in that city, which asked for the restorationof the names of Leo of Rome, and Euphemius andMacedonius of Constantinople to the diptychs,and the condemnation of Severus and the otherimpugners of the decrees of Chalcedon. In theLatin acts he appears as u Dominicus ” (Labbe,Concil. iv. 1586, v. 167; Le Quien, i. 400.)

[E. V.]

(18) Abbot of St. Andrew at Rome, em-ployed by Gregory the Great about a.d. 593in the conversion of the Barbaricini in Sardinia.Zabarda, duke of Sardinia, helped the work byoffering them peace if they would become Chris-tians. Hospiton, their chief, was the first whosubmitted. The Sardinian bishops were them-selves not sufficiently zealous to undertake theduty. (Greg. Mag. lib. iv., Epist. 23, 24, 25,Patrol. Lat. lxxvii. p. 692: Ceillier, xi. 436,497.)

[W.M.S.]

(19) 30th Patriarch of Constantinople, A.D.595, or 606 (Art de V€r. les Dates'). He was pre-viously presbyter and steward, oiKovSyos, ofthe great church at Constantinople (GhroniconPaschale , p. 378). Gregory the Great receivedthe legates bearing the synodal letters whichannounced his consecration, partly from a desirenut to disturb the peace of the church, andpartly from the personal respect which he enter-