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A. B. Caillau, nec non D. B. Saint Yves, Paris,1830, fo.,—it contains a few additional pieces) ;Sancti August ini novi Sermones, ex codice Vati-vano (in Angelo Mai’s nova bibliotheca patrum ) ;Restitution (Run manuscrit duVI *• siecle, mi-partientre Paris ct Geneve , et contenant des lettres et dessermons de S. Augustin, par Henri Bordier (in thebrochure entitled dtudes paldographiques et histori-qucs sur des papyms du VP siecle , Genfcve, 1866,4-to.)
The chief source for a biography of St. Augus-tine is his Confessions (13 books); his contem-porary, Possidius, likewise left a memoir of hislife (Opp. August, x.). The reader will consultprofitably Tillemont’s Memoires, vol. xiii.; andamongst more modern works, Laurentii Berti,De rebus gestis Sancti Augustini, &c., Venice,1746,4to.; Schrockh, Kirchengeschichte, vol. xv.;Neander, Geschichte der Christlichen Religion undKirche , vol. ii.; Bdhr, Geschichte der RomischenLiteraiur , supplement, vol. ii.; Bohringer, Kirch-engesch. in Biog. i. 3; Buson, Librorum Augustinirecens., Dorpat, 1826; Bindemann, Der Heil.Augustinus, 2 vols. 8vo., Berl. 1844-55; Clausen,(H. N.) Aar. Augustinus Sacrae Script, interpres,1828, 8vo. Hafn.; KLoth, Der heilig. Kirchenl.Augustin., Aix-la-Chapelle, 1850; Ribbeck (F.),Donatus und Augustinus, oder der erste entschei-dende Kampf zwischen Separatisms und Kirche,2 vols. 8vo., Elb. 1858; Van Goens (J.), Disp.hist, theol. de Aurel. Augustino apologeta secundumUbros de Civitate Dei, Amstelod. 8vo. 1838 ;Etudes sur S. Augustin, son genie, son dme, saphilosophie, par l’Abbe Flottes, Paris, 8vo. 1861;Essai sur les Confessions de S. Augustin, parArthur Desjardins, Paris, 8vo. 1858; R. C.Trench, D.D., An essay on the merits of S. Au-gustine as an interpreter of Holy Scripture (seethe work entitled, An exposition of the Sermonon the Mount, drawn from the writings of S.Augustine), Lond. 8vo. 1850. The essay is pre-fixed to the volume just mentioned.
For the metaphysical portion of St. Augus-tine’s writings, we may quote Ritter, Geschichtedes Christlich. Phil. i. 153-453; Nourrisson,Philosophie de St. Augustin, Paris, 1865, 2 vols.8vo.; De la psychologie de St. Augustin, par M.Ferraz, Paris, 1862, 8vo.; besides the works ofBrucker, Buhle, Cousin, and others. The trans-lations of the works are almost innumerable.Amongst literary productions which relate toSt. Augustine, we may mention M. Villemain’sTableau de VEloquence Chrdtienne au IV a siecle,Paris, 8vo. 1849, 2nd edition; and the introduc-tion to M. Poujoulat’s translation of the letters,Paris, 1849, 12mo.
For the editions of the works of St. Augustine,see Cas. Oudinus, Commentarius de Scriptoribuseccksiae antiquis, vol. i. pp. 931-993; C. T.Schonemann’s Bibliotheca Histor.-Literaria Pat-rum Latinorum, vol. ii. pp. 33-363 ; and Brunet’sManuel du Libraire, vol. i. cols. 557—567.
On the Pelagian controversy, see (besides Tille-mont) G. J. Vossii, Historia de Controversiis quasPelagius ejusque reliquiae moverunt, opp. vol. vi.;(P. Merlin) Veritable clef des ouvrages de S.Augustin contre les P€lagiens, prouvde par Vdtatmeme des questions et des controverses qui sonttraitdes dans les ouvrages du Saint Docteur (in theMe'mires de Tr&voux, for December 1736; seealso the same journal, Nos. for Nov. 1716, Nov.U17, and August 1730); C. W. F. Wakh, Ket-
CURIST. BIOGR.
AUGUSTINUS, ST'.
zerhistorie , vols. iv. and v.; G. F. Wiggers, Ver-such einer pragmat. Darstellung des Augustinismusund Pelagianismus, Hamb. 1821-33, 2 vols. 8vo.
In all the histories of the Church the chapterconcerning St. Augustine is very full. Mohler’sPatrulogie should also be consulted.
[E. de Pressense.]
AUGUSTINUS, ST., archbishop of Canter-bury. 1. Authonties. The authentic materialsfor the life of the first archbishop of Canterburyare almost entirely comprised in the first andsecond books of Bede’s ‘Ecclesiastical History.*Some additional points, however, are broughtout in (a) Gocelin’s Life of St. Augustine, con-tained in the Acta Sanctorum of May 26, andwritten during the 11th century, in a singularlyturgid and rhetorical style; (6) Thorn’s Chron-icles of St. Augustine’s Abbey; (c). A few let-ters of Gregory the Great; (d). The lives ofGregory the Great by Paul the Deacon and Johnthe Deacon (Cent. viii. and ix.).
2. Origin of his Mission to England. The mis-sion of Augustine to England was due to circum-stances of peculiar interest. While Gregory theGreat was still a monk in the famous monasteryof St. Andrew, which he had himself founded onthe Caelian Mount at Rome, he was one day pass-ing through the market-place of the city, at a timewhen it was crowded with people attracted by thearrival of new cargoes of merchandise. Amongstthe bales of goods exposed for sale® he noticedthree boys, distinguished for their fair complexion,the sweet expression of their faces, and their lightflaxen hair. b Struck with pity, he inquiredfrom what part of the world they had come, andwas answered, “ From Britain, where all theinhabitants have the same fair complexion.” Henext proceeded to inquire whether the peopleof this strange country were Christians or pagans,and hearing that they were pagans, with a deepsigh, 0 remarked that it was “ sad to think thatbeings so full of light and brightness should boin the power of the Prince of Darkness.”
He next asked the name of their nation.“ Angles,” was the reply; whereupon, playingwith the word, lie answered, “ Rightly are theycalled Angles, for their faces are as the faces ofangels, and they ought to be fellow-heirs withthe angels of heaven.” “ And from what country,”he proceeded, “ do they come ?” “ From Deira,”was the reply, that is, from the country betweenthe Tyne and the Humber, including Durhamand Yorkshire. “Rightly,” he answered, “arethey named Deirans. From the ire of God arethey plucked, and to the mercy of God are theycalled.” “And who,” he inquired once more,“is the king of this province?” “Ella,” d wasthe answer. The word reminded him of theHebrew expression of praise, and he answered“ Allelujah ! the praise of God shall be chantedin that clime.” Years passed away after this
a “ Dicunt.Gregorium inter alios advenisse, eo
vidisse inter alia pueros venalea positos.”—Bede, H. E. ii. 1.
fa “Candidi corporis” (Bede, ii. 1 ). “Crlne rutila”(Gocelin). “ Capillorum quoque forma egregia ” (Bede).
c “ Intimo ex corde longa trahens suspiria” (Bede,S. E. ii. 1).
The name of this prince, as Dean Stanley remarks,fixes the date of the dialogue to some period before hisdeatli in a.d. 588. He began to reign a.d. 569 (Floreut.Vigor;i.) or 500 (JJhron. Sax.), and reigned 20 years.
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