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ZIN

albus, &c. ; in small doses its internal exhibition is also useful in Leu-corrhaea. When combined with opium it is well calculated to ob-viate that atony, and those frequent discharges of feces, withoutpain, that take place in the protracted stages of dysentery. As an ex-ternal application it is very generally employed in the proportion of grs-x to eight fluid-ounces of water. The supposed ill effects consequenton the application of preparations of lead to a great surface, have deter-mined seme practitioners to substitute in their place, solutions of sulphateof zinc, but not with the same effect; for to that very property, whichmay occasionally render saturnine lotions dangerous, is their virtue to beattributed; see Liquor Plumbi Sub-acetatis. Dose, as an emetic fromgrs. x. to 3SS—as a tonic, and astringent, from grs. j. to ij. OfficinalPrep. Liquor •• Alum : comp : L. (B) Solutio Sulphatis Zinci. E. Solu-tio Acetatis Zinci. E. (I). Tinct: Acetatis Zinci D. (I). Adultera-tions. The white vitriol of commerce ought never to be used in medi-cine, without previous purification, since it generally contains the sul-phates of copper and iron.

ZINGIBERIS RADIX. L.E.D. (Zingiber Officinale.)

Ginger.

Chemical Composition. Volatile oil, fecula, and resino-extractivematter; on the first of these principles its well known flavour and odourdepend ; but its pungency resides in the last. Solubility. Water, al-cohol, and aether, extract its virtues. Med. Uses! It is highly stimu-lant, and is therefore frequently beneficial in flatulant cholic, dyspepsia,and gout; it is however more generally employed as an adjunct to •tierremedies, to promote their efficacy or to correct their operation, (seeForm. 92, 94, 112, 153,) and it is found, that it does not produce the illeffects of those spices, whose virtues reside in an acrid oil. Dose, ofthe powders grs. x to 9j. Officinal Prep. Syrup ■• Zingib: L.E.D.Syrup: Rhamni: L. (E). Tinct: Zingib: L.D.* Tinct: Cinnamom .-comp : L. (j£.) Acid. Sulphuric •" aromat •* E. Confectio Opii. L. Con-fectio Scammon: L-D. (E) Infus. Sennm. co. L. (B) Pulvis Cinnamom :comp : L.E.D. (b) Pulv. Scammon.- comp : L D. (B) Pulv. Sennrn.comp ■' L. (E) Pil •* Aloes ■ D. Pill: Scillx comp •■ L.D. Vinum Aloes.L.E.D. Adulterations. The powder is rarely met with in any tole-rable degree of purity : there are two varieties of ginger in the market,viz. Black, produced by scalding the root, and afterwards hastily dryingit in the sun ; and the White, being that which has been carefully washed,scraped, and gradually dried.

' Oxlev's Concentrated Essence of Jamaica Ginger. — A mere solution ofGinger in Rectified spirit.

Ginger Beer Powders.— White sugar, 3j 9ij, ginger grs. v. sub-carbonate ofsoda grs. xxvj, in blue paper. Tartaric acid grs xxx, in each white paper. Theseproportions are directed for half a pint of water.

Ginger Beer. The following is the receipt by which this popular beverage isprepared. Take of lump sugar half a pound ; of cream of tartar half an ounce ;Bruised Ginger an ounce; boiling water one gallon. Ferment for tweuty-four hourswith yeast.

Preserved Ginger. —That from India is almost transparent, while that manufac-tured in Europe is always opaque and fibrous.

THE ENP