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EXTR

Expressed Oils are those produced by pressure. See Oil and Oleum.

Extracta. Extracts are preparations of vegetables variously made;some by evaporating vegetable infusions, decoctions, or spirituoustinctures, to a thick consistence; and some by treating the expressedjuices in a similar way. The method of making extracts has beenmuch improved by Mr. Barry, of Plough Court, Lombard-street,who carries on the evaporation in vacuo by means of steam, in hispatent boiling apparatus. These are usually of a green colour, andmuch more powerful than the common empyreumatic ones. Prac-titioners should therefore be on their guard in exhibiting them.The London College directs extracts to be quickly evaporated in a pan,or a water-bath, till they have acquired the proper consistency formaking into pills, and towards the end stirring constantly with aspatula. On the softer extracts, they direct a little alcohol to besprinkled. This, however, soon evaporates, and a little distilledlavender, or any other aromatic water, or essential oil, would betterpreserve them from becoming mouldy. The College formulae aregiven under the articles Extractum.Adulterated by adding to a pound of any given extract about 20 dropsof alcohol, ^ss of gum arabic, and 5j of olive oil. Dr. Paris says,there is no harm in the practice; but though it gives a smooth glossylook to the preparation, it must weaken its power, and embarrassthe prescriber in proportioning the dose.

Extract op Agaric. Extractum agarici albi. P. Take ftj of whiteagaric cut in small pieces, Oiv of cold water, macerate in a closevessel for 24 hours, shaking it occasionally, strain and pour on afresh quantity of water, and macerate and strain with a little pres-sure. Mix the two infusions, strain and evaporate to a proper con-sistence.Medicinally it may be given in doses of gr. 4- to gr. iv in ha:morrhages:exteriorly it is employed as a styptic.

Extract of Anemone. Boil down the fresh juice of the Anemonepratensis, and evaporate to a proper consistence. It is acrid andstimulant.

Extract of Black Pepper. Extractum piperis nigri. Prepared bydecocting ftj of black pepper in 0-550 of water, and evaporating to aconsistence. It is stimulant and carminative.

Extract of Borage. Extractum boraginis officinalis. P. Preparedfrom the herb and flowers, and is aperient.

Extract of Bryony is prepared from a decoction of the root of theBryonia alba, possessing the qualities of the root, but milder in dosesof 5ss to 5j.Poisonous. See Bkiony.