Appendix.

re*

solution yields a precipitate with acetate of silver, the water contained muriateof iime.

d. 4,. Muriate of magnesia is detected by separating the sulphates, and proceeding asin the former case. If the aqueous solution of the dry mass treated with alcoholafford no precipitate with carbonate of lime ; and if sulphuric acid and evaporation,with the ad iiiion of a Utile alcohol, occasion no precipitate, the solution containsonly muriate of magnesia.

d. b. Muriate of alumina is detected by first saturating any alkali the water marcontain with nitric acid, and separating any sulphuric acid by nitrate of barytes ;and then adding carbonate t>f limp, which produces a precipitate if this salt bepresent. This process also precipitates muriate of iron and of manganese, if anvbe present.

To estimate the quantities of these muriates, which may all be contained in thesame water, the earths, after separating any sulphates that may b* present, are tobe precipna-ed by barytes water, and re dissolved in muriatic acid. They are thento be separated by the rules already mentioned, and ^paraUly weighed. For every50 grains of Um**, s^t down 100 of dried muriate of lime; fur 30 grains ofmagnesia, 100 of muriate of magnesia ; and for 21'8 grains of alumina, 100 ofmuriate of alumina. The barytes of the muriate of barytes, which the addition ofthe Uirytes-water had formed in the mineral water by precipitating the earths, isnow to be separated by sulphuric acid, and its muriatic acid expelled by heat ;after which the muriate of soda which the water originally contained, is to beobtained by evaporation.

e. Nitric acid never exists in an uncomblned state in mineral waters; and even tlitnitrates are comparatively of rare occurrence.

f. The nitrates are incompatible with the salts, in the second column of the followingtable.

f Alkaline carbonates.Nitrate of lime . . . < Sulphates, except of lime.

(_ Carbonates of magnesia and alumina.Nitrate of magnesia . . . Fixed alkaline sulphates./*. 1. Nitrate of Potash may occur in mineral waters in conjunction with sulphates andmuriates ; the former of which must be decomposed by acetate of barytes, and thelatter by acetate of silver, before the nitrates can be estimated. After theseprevious steps, filter the water, then evaporate it to dryness, and treat the residue "with alcohol ; which dissolves the acetates, and leavts the nitre,/". 3. Nitrate of Lime is detected by first concentrating the wa^er, and separating thesulphates by alcohol ; then filtering and distilling off the alcohol, and separatingany muriatic acid by acetate of silver ; afterwar's, filtering again, evaporating todryness, and dissolving the residue in alcohol, which must be also drilled off, andthe dried residue dissolved in water. If oxalic acid detect lime in this solution, themineral water contains nitrate of lime ; the quantity of which may be estimated byprecipitating with sulphuric acid, and calculating the quantity of lime contained inthe sulphate ; and for every 35 grains of lime setting down 100 grains of dry nitrateof lime./. 3. Nitrate of Magnesia is detected by nearly the same means; but to the lastwatery solution, instead of oxalic acid add potash, as long as any precipitate appears.Filter this solution; evaporate and treat the dry mass with alcohol. If a residue ofnitre remain*, the mineral water contained nitrate of magnesia.Such is the gei era! method of ascertaining the components of mineral waters, andthe proportion of the ingredients contained in any particular water. To render the ana-lysis complete, many minutiae must necessarily be attended to; but the detail of theie-would far exceed the limits which a work of this kind can admit of; and, after all, muchmust depend upon the ingenuity and expertness of the operator.