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The London Dispensatory, containing : 1. the Elements of Pharmacy ; 2. the botanical Description, natural History, chemical Analysis, and medicinal Properties of the Substances of the Materia Medica ; 3. the pharmaceutical Preparations and Compositions of the Pharmacopoeias of the London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Colleges of Physicians ; the Whole forming a Practical Synopsis of Materia Medica, Pharmacy, and Therepeutics
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Makkia Mldica.

PAKT II.

Qualities. — Pure rectified spirit has a fragrant odour, anda hot, highly pungent taste. It is colourless; always fluid;cannot be congealed at any knc ,rn degree of cold; evaporatesspeedily at the ordinary temperature of the atmosphere; boilsat 2 63° Fahrenheit; and is extremely inflammable, burningwith a blue lambent flame, without any sensible smoke. Likealcohol it combines with water in every proportion ; and, onaccount of its affinity for water, precipitates many of the neu-tral salts from their aqueous solutions. It is capable of dis-solving many saline bodies, and is the proper solvent of thegreater number of the proximate principles of vegetables. Itsconstituents are 85 of pure alcohol and 15 of water, in 100parts, when its specific gravity is 835 at a temperature of 60°of Fahrenheit; but 83 only of pure alcohol, and 17 of water,when it is 840 as designated by the Dublin College.

Medical properties and uses. —Rectified spirit is a very power-ful stimulant. In its undiluted state it is never exhibited as aremedy; and is employed only for forming the diluted spirit,and as a pharmaceutical agent.

Officinal preparations. Alcohol. L. D. Spiritus Camphorce. L. E.Spiritiis Ammonias. L. D. Spiritus Lavandula. L. E. D. TincturaAices. L. Tinctura Asajietidce. L. E. D. Tinctura Benzoinicomposita. L. E. D. Tinctura Castorei. L. E. D. Tinctura Gua-iaci. L. E. D. Tinctura Moschi. D. Tinctura Ferri Mnrialis.L. Tinctura Mvriaiis Ferri cum Oxydo rubro. D. Liquor Hy-drargyria Qxymuriatis. L.

SPIRITUS TENUIOR. Lond. Alcohol dilutius.Edin. Spiritus vinosus tenuiok. Dub. Weaker Spirit.Diluted Alcohol. Proof Spirit.

This is merely rectified spirit diluted with a certain propor-tion of water. According to the London and Dublin Colleges,its. specific gravity should be to that of distilled water as 930to 1000; while the Edinburgh College orders it of the gravityof 935. The former may be formed by mixing four parts bymeasure of rectified spirit with three of water, and contains 44parts of pure alcohol and 56 of water in 100 parts; the latteris obtained from equal parts of rectified spirit and water, andcontains 42 of pure alcohol and 58 of water in 100 parts.But very frequently, instead of being formed by mixing thepure rectified spirit with water, an impure spirit of a strengthnearly similar is employed. The qualities of the diluted spiritare not different from those of the rectified spirit, except indegree, and in some instances it is better fitted for taking upthe principles of vegetables submitted to its action.

Medical properties and uses. — Alcohol diluted to the degreeof proof spirit is still a very powerful diffusible stimulant, and

 
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