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The Edinburgh new Dispensatory : containing 1. The Elements of pharmaceutical Chemistry ; 2. The Materia Medica; or the natural, pharmaceutical and medical History, or the Substances employed in Medicine ; 3. The pharmaceutical Preparations and Compositions ; including Translations of the Edinburgh Pharmacopoeia published in 1805, of the Dublin Pharmacopoeia in 1807, and of the London Pharmacopoeia in 1815
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Materia Medka.

Part II.

acrimonious, hot taste ; their smell is strong, and not very dis-agreeable.

In its analysis, it is said by Neumann to agree with ipeca-cuanha, but it seems to contain, besides its odorous principle,which is probably camphor, a portion of the same acrid prin-ciple which has been noticed when speaking of arum. Uponthis its virtues depend; and as this principle is not fixed, wefind that asarabacca loses much of its activity by decoctionand long keeping.

Medical use. —Given in substance from half a drachm to adrachm, it evacuates powerfully both upwards and downwards.It is said, that alcoholic tinctures possess both the emetic andcathartic virtues of the plant: that the extract obtained byinspissating these tinctures acts only by vomiting, and withgreat mildness: that an infusion in water proves cathartic,rarely emetic : that aqueous decoctions made by long boiling,and the watery extract, have no purgative or emetic quality,but prove good diaphoretics, diuretics, and emmenagogues.

We principally use this plant as a sternutatory. The rootof asarutn is perhaps the strongest of all the vegetable errhines,white hellebore itself not excepted. Snuffed up the nose, inthe quantity of a grain or two, it occasions a copious evacua-tion of mucus, and ptyalism. The leaves are considerablymilder, and may be used in the quantity of three, four, or fivegrains. Gcoffroy relates, that after snuffing up a dose of thiserrhine at night, he has frequently observed the dischargefrom the nose to continue for three days together, and thathe has known a paralysis of the mouth and tongue cured byone dose. He recommends this medicine in stubborn disor-ders of the head, proceeding from viscid tenacious matter, inpalsies, and in soporific distempers.

Astragalus tragacantha. Ed. Dub.Willd.g. 1379, sp. J 54. Diadelphia Decandria. —Nat. ord.Papilionacca:.

Astragalus verus. Land.Traffacanth.

Off. —Gum Tragacanth.Astragali tragacanthje gummi.Gummi tragacantha. Dub.Tragacantha. Lond.

Ed.

Gum tragacanth is produced by a very thorny shrub,which grows on the island of Candia, and other places in theLevant; but it is now stated, on the authority of Olivier, that

 
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