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The Edinburgh new Dispensatory : containing 1. The Elements of pharmaceutical Chemistry ; 2. The Materia Medica; or the natural, pharmaceutical and medical History, or the Substances employed in Medicine ; 3. The pharmaceutical Preparations and Compositions ; including Translations of the Edinburgh Pharmacopoeia published in 1805, of the Dublin Pharmacopoeia in 1807, and of the London Pharmacopoeia in 1815
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lxviii

Elements of Pharmacy.

Part I.

trie acid it forms a pearly crystalline precipitate; it also formsprecipitates with the nitrates of lead, mercury, and silver. Itis not precipitated by tannin or gallic acid. Urea is only ob-tained from urine by evaporating the solution of a thick ex-tract of urin in alcohol.

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COMPOUND ACIDS.

286. The compound acids possess the properties of acids ingeneral; but they are distinguished from the acids with sim-ple bases, by their great alterability.

287. The ternary acids coincide nearly with the vegetableacids, and are characterized by their being converted entirelyinto water and carbonic acid, when completely decomposedby oxygen. They consist of various proportions of carbon,hydrogen, and oxygen.

288. The quaternary acids coincide nearly with the animalacids; and are characterized by their furnishing ammonia, aswell as water and carbonic acid, when decomposed.

TERNARY ACIDS.

289. Acetic acid is a transparent and colourless fluid, of anextremely pungent smell and a caustic acid taste, capable ofreddening and blistering the skin. It is very volatile, and itsvapour is highly inflammable ; it combines with water in eve-ry proportion; it combines with sugar, mucilage, volatile oils,alcohol; it dissolves boracic acid, and absorbs carbonic acidgas ; it is formed by the acidification of sugar, and by the de-composition of some otherternary and quaternary compoundsb\ heat or acids. It is decomposed by the sulphuric and ni-tric acids, and by heat. In its ordinary state, it has onlyan acidtaste, a pleasant odour, specific gravity 1.0005, congeals andcrystallizes at —22", and is vaporized at 212°. Officiual.

2»o Formic acid is in most respects analogous to acetic■acid, but has a peculiar smell, and greater specific gravity, be-ing 1.102 to 1.113.

29). Oxalic acid is obtained in prismatic crystals, transpa-rent and colourless, of a very acid taste, soluble in their ownweight of water at 212°, and in about two waters at 65°.Boiling alcohol dissolves somewhat more than half its weight,and at an ordinary temperature a little more than one-third.It is soluble in the muriatic and acetic acids. It is decom-posed by heat, sulphuric acid, and nitric acid. According toThomson, it consists of 64 oxygen, 32 carbon, and 4 hydrogen.

 
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