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purging, &c.; and sometimes afFecting the nervous system, and producing giddi-ness, insensibility, cramps of the' extremities, &c.

The followiug is the only reported case of poisoning with it. A man tooktwo drachms by mistake, and'died therefrom on the ninth day. In addition tothe usual Symptoms of gastrb-ehleritis, there was a disordered condition of thenervous system, indicated by cramps of the hands and feet, disordered Vision,and delirium. It is desefving also of remark, that there were difficulty ofbreathing, and salivation. Post-mortem examination showed inflammationthroughout the alimehtary canal; the spinal vessels were gorged with blood,particularly to ward's the cauda equina; there was fluid in the cerebral ventricles;and the inner surface of both ventricles of the heart was very red. (Christison'sTreatisi oh Poisons.)

Use. —It has been principally employed in those chronic affections of the sto-mach which are unaccompanied by any orgahic disease, but which appärentlydepend on some disordered condition of the nerves of this viscus; and hence theefficacy of the remedy is referred tö its supposed action on these parts. It hasbeen particularly used and recommended' to relieve gastrodynia and crarrip of thestomach, to allay sickness and vomiting, and as a remedy for the waferbrash. Ithas also been administered in intermittent fever, in spasmodic asthma, &c.Hahnemann has recommended a portion to be introduced into a hollow tooth, toallay iöolhach. I liave used it, with advantage, in the form of ointment, appliedto the scptum nasi, in ulceration of this part, and as a local remedy in chronicskin diseases.

Administration. —The nsUal dose of this remedy is from five grain's to ascruplc. I seldom commence with less than a scruple of it for a döse, and'haverepeatedly exhibited half a drachm without the least inconvenience. It may beadministered in the form of linetus or pill. The ointment which I have abovereferred to was composed of one drachm of the trisnitrate, and half an ounce ofspermaceti ointment.

Antidotes. —No chemical antiddte is knowrt. Emollient drinks should be ad-ministered, and the poison evacuated from the stomach as speedily as possible.The antiphlogistic plan is to be adopted, to obviäte inflammation.

Order XXIV.— TIN.

STAN'NUM, L. E. D. (U. S.)—TIN.

History. —Tin has been know-n from the most remote periods of antiquity.It is mentioned by Moses [Numbers, xxxi. 22.) and by Homer. (Iliad, xi. 25.)The alchymists called it Jove, or Jupiter.

Natural History. —It is peculiar to the mineral kingdom. It occurs in twostates; as an oxide (the Tin Stone and Wood Tin of mineralogists,) and as a sul-phuret (Tin Pyrites.) It is found in both states in Oornwall, which has longbeen celebrated for its tin works. The Phcenicians, who were perhaps the firstpeople who carrietl on commerce by sea, traded with England and Spain for tin3t least 1000 years before Christ.

Preparation. —In Cornwall, Stream Tin (a variety of Tin Stone) is smeltedwith charcoal or with culm, in a reverberatory furnace. The metal thus pro-cured is subsequently made hot, and then let fall from a height, or is Struck witha hammer, by which it splits into a number of irregulär prisms, somewhat likea basalt pillar. This is called Grain Tin; of this there are two kinds, the bestwhich is used for dyers,—and a second employed in the manufacture of tin-plate,and which is called tin-plate graih. Mine Tin (another variety of Tin Stone)is stamped, washed, roasted, afterwards smelted with Welsh culm and limestone,by which Block Tin is procured; the finest kind of which is called Iiefmed Tin.(Mr. John Taylor, Ann. Phil. iii. 449.)

Besides the two varieties of tin just described, other kinds are* met with in

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