A.D.
1810
1813—26
1832
1841
HISTORICAL TABLE OF THE MATERIA MEDICA. XXXU1
HINDOO MEDICINE.— Continued.
V- The Arabian aulhors (Rhazes, Serapion, Mesue, and Avicenna) menlion Choräle,and quotefrom the Susruta.
Consult,— Wilson (TL. LL), "Orient. Mag." Calc. 1823: and "Trans. Med. and Phys. Soc."Calc. vol. 1.; Hsyne(B.)\ " Tracts on India," Lond.1814; Mnslie (W.),"Mat. Ind."2dvol. Lond. 1820; Dun (F. R.), " Analecta Med." Ups. 1834; Itoyle (J. F.)," Essaven theAntiq. of Hindoo Med." 1837; Gddemeister, " Scriptorum Arabum de rebus ind'icis lociet opuscula inedita." 8vo. Bonn, 1838.
Taleef Shereef, or Indian Materia Medica. 8vo. Calc. Eng. trans. by G. Playfair, 1833.
the Asiatic Re--Materia Indica, 2 vols.
4. English Writers on Indian Materia Medica.
Fleming (Dr.) Catologue of Indian Medicinal Plants and Drugs isearches. Vol. xi.
Ainslie (Dr.W.) Matcria Medica of Hindoostan. 4to 1813-8vo. 1826.
Royle (J. F.) List of Articles of Materia Medica obtained in the Bazaars of theWestern and Northern Provinces of India. In the Journal of the Asiatic Societyofßengal. 1vol. 1832.
O'Shaughnessy (W. B.) The Bengal Dispensatory and Pharmacopceia. Chieflycompiled from the Works of Roxburgh, Wallich, Ainslie, Wight and Arnott,Royle, Pereira, Richard and Fee, and including the results of numerous specialexperiments. Published by order of Government. Calcutta. [Three parts, in-cluding pp. 622, have appeared.]
Much valuableInformation on Indian Materia Medica is contained in Royle's " Illustration»of the Botany and other branches of the Natural BiStory of the Himalayan Mountains '4to. 1824—41. Several interesting papers on the same subjeets have appeared in theAnglo-Indian Journals. See also the Works of Heyne, Buchanan, (Hamilton), and Craw-fori.
B.C.
GREEK MEDICINE.
13981270
1263
11841134
968-907'
617580—500
1. Beforc the time of Hippocrates.
Melampus, a soothsayer and physician. Cured impotence by iron wine (Apo'iod
Bibl. Fr. transl. lib. i. cap. ix. p. 75); and madness by hellebore (Pliny, xxv. 21).Chiron, a Cenlaur, a physician and surgeon. Was cured of a wound by the Cen-
taurea Centaurium (Ibid. xxv. 30). Had several pupils, as Hercules (to whom the
invention of the warm bath is ascribed) and /Esculapius.^Esciilapius or Asclepias, renowned for his medical and surgical skill. Employed
amulets, incantations, charms, potions, incisions, and topical remedies [Le Clerc).
His sons Machaon and Podalirius also famous surgeons; the latter practised
venesection.Instruction of Troy.The first temple to iEsculapius founded.Europhon, authorof the IVö/<at Kvi<5iai or
Cnidian Sentences.
Homer mentions the Papaver somniferum,sulphur fumigations, vtjirevBes (Cannabis Indica ? opium ? ?), Moly (?), &c.
Arist/Eüs discovered Silphium (see vol. ii
p P- 471 -)
I'ythagoras employed Magic, Dietetics,
Mustard, Anise, and Vinegar of Squills
(Pliny xix. 30.)
Asclepiade^e.Descendants and followers of J5scula-pius and priests of his temples. Extendedover 700 years, i. e. until Hippocrates.The temples became schools of medicine,the most celebrated of which were theCoan and the Gnidian. The priests of theformer attempted to unite reasoning withexperience ; those of the latter attachedthemselves to observations and matters offact. The remedies used were Gnidianberries, juice of euphorbium, hellebore,scammony, colocynth, briony, elaterium,mineral waters, &c. (Le Clerc, Sprengel,Bostock). Votive tablets were erected inthe temples.
2. Hippocrates.
—to 360 ? Hippocrates the " Father of Medicine." Born at Cos. The 18th by his father from^Esculapius. Ascribes diseases to the alterations of the humours (blood, pituitaor phlegm, and yellow and black bile). An antipathic. Employed diet, baths,exercise, blood-letting (venesection, cupping, and scarification), the acmal cau-te ry, the knife, and a very extensive series of medicines. Aiston found in theworks which pass under the name of Hippocrates "about 36 mineral, 300 vege-table, and 150 anirnal substances," and he adds, " I cannot pretend to have over-looked none." The Hippocratean materia medica includes: