222 THE HISTORY OF THE ORDER OF [book i.

occasions an assistant to the second dignity in theorder, the master-at-arms, or marshal, as early as1155, and cited as of long standing. 1 In Dugdale,and an old chronicle in the Cottonian (now Lon-don Museum), is “the master or preceptor.” AndClement IV. appears to have considered the pre-ceptors vice-masters, both with Hospitallers andTemplars. 2 And, when we recollect that the Popehad written to all Christendom to send themmoney at Jerusalem, we must conclude that thepreceptor had enough to do to receive and accountfor such sums that were to suffice for armies, andsuch hospitality and charity. 3 Sir Hugo de Revel,who became grand master, passed to that fromthis place. Also De Moulin and Gardiner hadbeen preceptors, before elected grand masters. 4The marshal and turcopolier, though often united,existed separate under Gerard. 6 When we add toall stated the two Papal bulls, 6 we cannot but allowthat few founders of any human society were everso fortunate as this one, who lived to see his orderrich, powerful, and glorious in so many places ofEurope and Asia. Quite enough has been sub-stantiated to vindicate his right to a station far

1 P. A. Paoli: 296.

2 Id. : 297.

3 Id. :

297.

4 Id.: 300.

5 Id. :

301.

6 Appendix, Hum. y., yiii.