274 JOURNEY THROUGH THE ANTERIOR OF THE CRIMEA,

admit a perfon to walk over it. The fubftance itfelf confiftsof a grey, tolerably tenacious clay, mixed with fragments ofa ftony foflil; and pieces of pyrites have alfo been difcoveredamong the mingled matters. In the vicinity of this eruption,there occur a few fprings produktive of rock-oil.

Four verfts before we reached the village of Aggös, orAkkos, which is twenty-two verfts diftant from the ftage ofArgin, and confequently thirty verfts from the town of Kertlh,we could diftinc"tly trace the ftrong boundary drawn by arampart and ditch over the elevated piain, which has an un-dulated appearance, and is covered with rieh verdure. Suchline of demarcation has, in former ages, unqueftionably fervedto feparate the empire of the Bofphorus from the poüeffions ofthe Cherfonites: it is in a tolerable ftate of prefervation ; beingoverfpread with tall and luxuriant plants, among which theCentaurea Tatarica begins to predominate ; and we alfo noticednumbers of the Myrmeleon libelluloides flying about in themonth of June, even during a tempeft. The bafis of thisprodigious rampart meafures nearly forty arfhines, or aboutthirty-one Englifh yards, in diameter; and the ditch, on itsweftern fide, is almoft twenty arfhines, or half the breadth ofthe former. Both may be feen from the road, which interfettsthem, afeending the heights in a ftraight weftern diredtion;though, at a (hört diftance from the road, on the right, there istowards the weft a confiderable hillock aecumulated on therampart; at the fide of which appears a cleft, or opening, withmany large ftones feattered around it; thus rendering itprobable, that a gate, or tower, formerly ftood in fuch place.The line, before deferibed, now turns, between North-weft

and