224 JOURNEY OVER THE TSHATYRDAG, AND THROUGH

mam oppoßtifolium ; Scabiofa gracilis ; Centaurea Picris f folßitialis,and montana ; Tordylium maximum ; Smyrnium perfoliatum ;Echium altißlmum ; Satyrium hircinum; Equifetum nigrum andgiganteum ; but, along the fhore, \ve noticed the Bunias Cakile;Crambe maritima ; Verbafcum pinnatifidum ; Convolvulus Solda-nella and terreßris; Eringium marithiium; Salfola Tragus ; Cen-chrus racemofus ; and feveral others. Among the moft confpi-cuous {hrubs were the Pyrus, and Cratagus, orientalis ; wildrofe-bufhes that frequently attain the height of nearly twofathoms ; and the Jaßnitimn fruticans. Indigenous vines luxu-riantly fprouted on the banks of rivulets, in every dire&ion;and the Tamarix tetrandra is here very frequent. The bulbousroots of the Scilla byacintbiodes, Ornithogalum Narbonenße, andof the Hyacinthus paniculatus and racemoßus, are in fome placesfo abundant, that a fpade, thruft into the ground, will almoftcertainly turn up one of fuch bulbs, or the tubercles of theLathyrus tuberoßus.

The ancient Genoefe fortrefs of Soldaya, which has borrowedits name from a Valley, is fituated on a detached rock, veryfteep on all fides, efpecially on that next the fea. Its verticalfurface is oblong, and declines in a northern diredtion; but ismore elevated towards the fhore. On the borders, this fortis furrounded with a thick and high wall, which is fartherftrengthened by ten towers, partly round and partly fquare.The former, however, is difcontinued at the fea-fide, where therocks precipitately rife; yet here alfo we found a wall, extend-ing from one of the lower towers upwards as far as the watch-turret, ere&ed on the higheft part of the hill; and in which

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