THE SOUTH-EASTERN MOUNTAINS OF THE CRIMEA.

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Caftle, on account of an ancient fort, confifting of an irregulärfquare, enclofed with a wall, and ftrengthened by four towers,all of which are cemented fimply with lime, and appear tobe of Genoefe workmanfhip. The village itfelf lies in a de-lightful fituation, and has a confiderable metfhet. In itsenvirons, the Sahia Außriaca of Jacquin, and nutans, Teu-crium Laxmatini, Beta Cic/a> and Poenia multtfida^ are frequentplants; while the Hordeum bulbofum, and the common rye-grafs of Crim-Tartary, grow in fuch abundance on fallow,lands, as if they had been fown by the hufbandman.

About halfway to Mamut-Sultan, in the vicinity of Efkee-Sarai, the ancient horizontal beds of limeftone, which in fomehüls are expofed on the furface, evidently pafs under themountains of cretaceous marl extending to this place, andagain rife toward the anterior eminences of the Tfhatyrdag.

A convenient horfe-road, computed to be ten verfts inlength, leads from Mamut-Sultan up the Tfhatyrdag, on itsnorthern fide. Such route is ufually taken by travellers vifitingthis mount, in order to infpecT: the abyfs which prefents itfelfon the fame fide of the hill, at a confiderable height; andin which ice remains undiffolved for a feries of years. Thehope of finding a greater number of vernal plants in bloffom,induced me to prefer the fouth road, and to afcend the mountfrom the oppofite fide, at another excurfion. I thereforepurfued my journey on horfeback farther up the banks of theSalgir. In travelling towards the village of Ayan, along thelow country, we obferved, at the fide of a fomewhat abrupthill, horizontal ftrata of fand-ftone interfperfed with clay, ina. South-eaft and North-weft extenfion, but declining towards

B B 2 North-