OF THE CRIMEAN PENINSULA. 35

leading to this place, and croffing the heights which confinethe town of Bakhtßiifarai towards the South, lt then proceedsround the latter of the vallies, as well as a collateral one; isin its higher parts apparently hewn through the bare lime-ftonerock; and is about five verfts in length. A much fhorter roadhas been made for travellers on horfeback, who advance directlyfrom the capital of Crim-Tartary over the rifing ground of theValley, paffing in its lower part a Greek convent, and afcendingthe Jewifh town by the fame foot-path, on which the wateris carried thither on affes' backs, in fmall oblong cafks faftenedto the faddle on both fides of the animal; and each of which isfold at five kopeeks.

At the entrance of the South-weftern Valley, contiguous tothe town, we noticed the burying ground of the Jews, whichis fliaded with beautiful trees. It contains very decent tomb-ftones difpofed in rows, and moft of which are hewn after acertain model refembling a farcophagus, with raifed flone tabletsat the extremities, in fhape not unlike the gables of houfes.Some of thefe monuments are infcribed with Hebrew charac-ters. This little valley of Jofaphat is fo highly valued by theJews, that, whenever the ancient Khans wifhed to extort fromthem a prefent, or to raife a voluntary contribution, it wasfufficient to threaten them with the extirpation of thofe facredtrees, under the plaufible pretence of wanting fuel or timber.

Dfhufut-Kale commences on the narroweft part of the pro-montory. It is well inclofed, partly by walls, and alfo byftone-buildings, both on the higher extremity, and towards thedeclivity of the mountain, which extends beyond the town.There are two outer gates in this place leading to each of the

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