LINDAU.

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at tliis part of the Lake. The wall, as at present standing,is merely a sharp corner of some old rampart, the solidmasonry of which projects in places as if a rramber of bond-stones had been left for joining on to some other structure.On the top of this wall, too, a great bush of a tree growsfrom between the crevices of the stone-work.

Lindau was originally two small islajids, though it is nowbut one. It was, according to the earliest records, a Romansettlement, and called Lindaugia, Lindavia, and, finally,Lindau —the name, it is said, being given to it on account ofthe Linden-trees that grew by the Powder-miü. The Lin-dauers, we are told, were the first fishermen upon the Lake.

Many centuries ago a cloister was founded upon it by oneLord Adelbert, who, during a violent storm upon the water,made a vow that if he were spared he would build a church tothe Virgin, and who, on being landed at Lindau, caused thechapel to the cloister to be erected. Rudolph of Hapsburgspeaks of Lindau as being a royal residenz. In 1396 theCitizens rebelled against Maximilian L, when the principaltraitors were beheaded in the town. In 1496, an ImperialDiet was held in Lindau; in 1530, the town adopted theprinciples of the Reformation.

During the Thirty Years' War it was fortified and en-closed within walls, and remained a place of special securitytili a few score years ago. It has suffered from fire repeatedly,having been burnt down in the years 948, 1264, 1339, 1720,and 1723, and was severely scourged also by the pest in theseventeenth Century, when not less than 2000 of its peoplewere destroyed by the plague.

Since 1801, Lindau has belonged to the Bavarians, andnumbers now 3300 inhabitants, who are mostly Protestants;and possesses, besides a hafen and a railway, a College ofNatural Philosophy and a theatre.