858 E X E T E

of two months, and dismantled by order of the parlia-ment. The exterior walls are all that now remain ofthis ancient edifice; they enclose a considerable area,and from the ramparts an extensive view of the sur-rounding country is obtained, extending over a cir-cumference of more than fifty miles, and embracingthe windings of the Exe, Torbay, and the beautifulcountry lying between the city and the sea. Themoat which surrounded the castle has been filled up,planted with trees, and laid out in elegant walks.The walls of the city remained nearly in a perfectstate so lately as 1769; they have, however, sincethat period, been partially destroyed ; and of the fourgates which at that time existed, but one, the westgate, now remains.

Exeter is distinguished by many handsome build-ings, erected within its limits since the commence-ment of the present century; among these are anelegant theatre ; the Athemeum, a literary institution ;the county hospital, situated on a pleasant green,called Southern-hay, where also are the new baths,an elegant edifice of Grecian architecture, havingthree porticoes, the central of which is surmountedby a statue of Neptune.

Exeter formerly carried on a considerable trade incoarse woollen manufactures, which it exported tothe continent of Europe, to the amount of 500,0004The continent now receives its serges and kerseysfrom Yorkshire; and the woollen trade of Exeterhas considerably decreased. A quantity of long ells,however, are still annually purchased by the EastIndia Company. The mildness of its climate, andcheapness of provisions, have latterly induced manyfamilies to resort to Exeter for health and the educa-tion of their children. A handsome quarter, calledSouthern-hay, to which we have already alluded, haslately been completed. Exeter has two representa-tives in the House of Commons, and 28,201 inhabi-tants. It is seventy-eight miles from Bath, the samedistance from Bristol, and 173 miles from the metroplis.

Exeter. A post-town of New' Hampshire, in theUnited States of America. It is pleasantly situatedat the head of tide-water and of navigation, on Exeterriver, and is one of the most considerable towns inthe state, and was formerly the seat of government.It is favourably situated for a manufacturing town,and contains several manufactories, and many valuablemills. Phillips’ Exeter academy, in this town, wasfounded by the honourable John Phillips, LL. D., in1781. • It is one of the oldest, best endowed, andmost respectable institutions of the kind in the UnitedStates. It has a principal, a professor of mathematicsand natural philosophy, and a professor of languages,about eighty students, a library of about 700 volumes,and a handsome philosophical apparatus.

Exhibition. A benefaction settled for the benefitof scholars in the universities, that are not on thefoundation.

Exile. A punishment by which a person is com-pelled to leave the city, province, or even the country,where he has previously resided. It amounts, there-fore, to a civil excommunication, or political proscrip-tion. It is a punishment for state criminals. Theancient republics sometimes exiled men on mere sus-picion that they might become dangerous to repub-lican liberty (by the ostracism). In this case, exilewas not a punishment, but a measure of precaution.Many anticipated the sentence of the judges, andwent into voluntary exile. See Transportation.

R-EY E.

Exmouth. A town in the county of Devon. Itis situate near the mouth of the river Exe, and is oneof the best frequented watering places in DevonshireIt is situated near the sea shore, between the cliffs'which open, as it were, on purpose to receive it andis sheltered from the north-east and south-east windsby some high hills, which rise almost close behind andsupply the place with excellent water. The walksare delightfully pleasant, commanding views worthythe pencils of the best masters. From a hill calledChapel Hill, the eye is presented with a line of coastextending from Exeter to the Berry-Head, a distanceof about twenty miles. This line is broken bv severalhills, that gradually ascend from the coast on theopposite side of the river, and are covered with livelyverdure and woody inclosures ; the village of Star-cross skirting their bottoms. Behind these hills sprinu-up some bold towering headlands, of varied shapes,and unequal heights, through which the sight is stillled to distant objects of various kinds, woody summits,and barren rocks, gradually diminishing, so as to forma complete landscape. The plantations of Marnheadand Powderham Castle heighten the beauty of theprospect. Holinshed mentions a castle erected hereto defend the entrance of the haven ; and traditionaffirms it to have stood at Gun Point, where someslight vestiges of embrasures are still apparent.

Hot and cold baths have been erected, and themany recent improvements which Exmouth has un-dergone add greatly to its beauty and attractions, as aplace of fashionable resort. The population mustnecessarily vary considerably, but the residents amountto nearly 4000 persons. It is 166 miles S. of Lon-don, and eight S. of Exeter. Lon. 3° 25' W., lat.50° 29'. N.

Eyam. A beautiful village in Derbyshire. Whenthe great plague of London was at its height, thatdreadful malady was conveyed to this remote spotthrough a box of materials, that had been sent to atailor who resided here. The servant who openedthe box observed the goods were damp, and beingordered to dry them at the fire, was seized with theplague and died immediately, as did also the wholefamily. The distemper then spread through thewhole parish, and nearly 200 persons perished. Theinfection was prevented from spreading further by theprudent measures of the Rev. W. Mompesson, bywhose advice the sick were removed to small houseson an open common; the bodies of the dead werealso buried here, and the graves are still to be seen.Allan Cunningham, the artist and poet of our owntimes, has given an account of the devastations of thisdreadful pestilence in the above retired and pictu-resque spot.

In the lead mines at Eyam Edge, the concussionswhich resulted from the earthquake which destroyedLisbon in 1755, were distinctly felt; the soil fell fromthe joints of the rocks, and violent explosions, as if ofcannon, were heard by the inhabitants.

Eye. A borough town in the county of Suffolk.It is situated on the banks of a rivulet, by which it isnearly surrounded. The streets are narrow and thehouses are ill built, but many improvements have beenrecently made, which add greatly to the general ap-pearance of the town. Eye, previous to the passingof the Reform Bill, sent two members to the Britishparliament, but it now returns but one. T he townhad, by the last census, a population of 2313 persons,and the annual value of the real property amounts to