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sleeves, formerly worn by the Dalmatians, and, sincethe time of pope Sylvester I., by the Roman Catholicdeacons, over the alba and stola. Also, a part of theornamental dress formerly worn by the German em-peror at the time of his coronation. It was kept inNuremberg-, and put on in Frankfort.

Dalston. A town in the county of Cumberland.It is built on the banks of the beautiful river Caldew.It was formerly an inconsiderable village. But afterthe introduction of the cotton manufactures it roserapidly to its present importance. The situation ofthis town is extremely romantic, being seated in adeep vale, environed by rocks and hanging woods,and watered by the winding current of the river.Many local antiquities have been found in its neigh-bourhood, especially tumuli which are evidently ofa very ancient character. Dalston has a populationof 0,027 persons, and the annual value amounts to15,1-29/.

Dalton. A market town in Lancashire. It issituated in a tract of country scarcely to be equalledin fertility and cultivation. It derives its name fromthe Saxons, on account of its being built near severalvalleys and dells. But it has obtained its chief his-torical consequence from its vicinity to Furnessabbey. King Stephen contributed greatly to its wealth,and by the privileges granted to the abbot, it becamethe capital of Furness, and held that rank till thedissolution of the monastery, after which its conse-quence greatly diminished. The town is situated on aneminence of limestone, so that much inconvenience isexperienced by the inhabitants in obtaining soft water.On the west side of the town are the remains of acastle, which was built by the abbots of Furness toguard the northern approach to the abbey, and it wasin this fortress that the chief of that religious househeld his secular court, and secured his prisoners. Inthe year 1631 the plague broke out, and more thanthree hundred died in this town alone. Dalton con-tains -2,697 inhabitants, and is 265 miles N. N. W. ofLondon. Lon. 3° 6' W., lat. 54° 8' N.

Dalton. A town in the West Riding of York-shire. It is built on the banks of the river Colne. Ithas a population of 3,069 persons, and is 189 milesfrom London.

Dalziel. A large parish in the ward of Lanark-shire. The land is very fertile, and in a state of highcultivation. On the banks of a picturesque brook, inthis district, stands Dalziel House. It is a Gothicbuilding with battlements and loop-holes. In its im-mediate neighbourhood are two consecrated springs,which were much esteemed in catholic times. It has1180 inhabitants, and the annual value of the realproperty amounts to 2915/.

Dam, damm. The end of many German and Dutchgeographical words, signifying a dam, or sluice ; as inAmsterdam, the sluices of the Amstel, Rotterdam, &c.

Damage-feasant. Beasts are said to be damage-feasant, or doing damage, when those of one personare found upon the land of another without his per-mission, and without his fault; for if the owner of afield or enclosure adjoining upon another enclosureneglects to repair his fences, and the beasts passthrough, he cannot seize them as damage-feasant.But if the beasts break into a close from the highway,where they were wrongfully left to run at large, theowner of the close may take them up, or distrain themas damage-feasant, though the fence of the close onthe side next the highway was defective; for the

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owner is not obliged to make a fence against beastswhere they cannot be lawfully left at large. Theowner of land has a right to sue the owner of thebeasts in trespass for the damage done by them tohis crops, &c., but the law- gives him also the meansof stopping the damage, for he may distrain and im-pound the beasts.

Damascus. A city of Syria, the capital of thepachalic of the same name, situated in a fertile plainamidst extensive gardens, forming a circuit of betweentwenty-five and thirty miles. The streets are ingeneral narrow, of regular width, though not in straightlines : they are well paved, and have elevated foot-paths on each side. Damascus contains about 500large and magnificent houses, which are entitled tothe name of palaces : each house has a canal or foun-tain. The mosques and chapels are also numerousand the grand mosque is of great extent and mag-nificence. An hospital for the indigent sick is attachedto the edifice. This mosque is said to have been,originally, a Christian church, and the cathedral ofDamascus. The mosques are generally fronted by acourt. One mosque is beautifully adorned with allkinds of fine marble, like mosaic pavement; and thetower or minaret of another is entirely cased with pan-tiles. There are several hospitals here, of which thefinest is that constructed by the sultan Selim, consist-ing of a spacious quadrangle, lined by an interiorcolonnade, which is entirely roofed by forty smalldomes, covered with lead. On the south side of thecourt is a mosque, with a magnificent portico, and twofine minarets, which is surmounted by a spaciouscupola. There is a Greek, Maronite, Syrian, andArmenian church. There are eight synagogues of theJews. The castle, situated towards the south-westpart of the city, and about three quarters of a mile incircuit, is a fine edifice, with three square towers infront, and five on each side.

This city is the seat of a considerable trade. It wascelebrated for the manufacture of sabres, of such pecu-liar quality as to be perfectly elastic and very hard.Extensive manufactures are carried on in silk andcotton stuffs. Leather is likewise an article of manu-facture here, but no linen is made. A great quantityof soap is fabricated, and exported to Egypt. Driedfruits and sweetmeats are sent to Turkey. Cottoncloths, handkerchiefs, slippers, copper kettles, horse-shoe nails, tobacco-pipes, and spiceries, shawls, andthe rich fabrics of Surat, are brought through Bagdad;iron, lead, tin, cochineal, broadcloth, sugar, and suchother European articles as are required in the city,come through Saida, Bairout, and Tripoli. Commerceis carried on chiefly by caravans, of which the prin-cipal is that in which the pilgrims annually proceedto Mecca. Three caravans besides, each accompaniedby above 2,500 armed men, go thrice a year to Bagdad,the journey occupying thirty days ; those to Aleppotravel twice or thrice a month ; besides which, thereare many to different parts of Syria. Damascus is aplace of great antiquity, and is alluded to in the ac-count of the time of Abraham The populationamounts, according to Burckhardt, in his Travelsthrough Arabia, to 250,000, including many Catholicsand Jews ; the remaining inhabitants are Mohamme-dans ; 136 miles N. of Jerusalem. Lon. 36° 30' E.,lat. 38° 30' N.

Dambach. A town of France, in the departmentof the Lower Rhine. It is built on the banks of theriver Scheer. The inhabitants are about 2800 in

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